The Social Contexts of Children of Immigrants in the US

描述(由申请者提供)：本项目将研究在社区或家庭层面定义的社会背景，即移民父母的孩子在美国被抚养的社会背景，并确定与这些背景相关的家庭/家庭、父母和城市特征。从理论上讲，它是由文献中对三种不同的并入模式的概念化所指导的：常规同化、向下同化(或种族主义并入)和多元主义替代。由于这些模式中的任何一种都不足以充分了解当代移民群体的融入情况，我们的主要目标是更准确地确定每种模式在什么情况下发挥作用。为了实现项目目标，将分析2000年美国人口普查的微观数据和摘要文件，借鉴调查人员之前在儿童福祉衡量标准和位置获得模型方面的工作。将为36个不同的移民群体以及所有主要种族群体和拉美裔美国人的土著家庭中的儿童估计家庭和邻里结果的多层次模型。这些模型将包括父母、家庭和大都市特征作为独立变量，并将允许通过大都市级别变量和较低级别变量之间的相互作用来检查特定于各种大都市地区的影响。为了分析社区层面的结果，调查人员已获得许可，可以使用纽约市研究数据中心的设施将Pum和人口普查区域记录联系起来，这将通过使用特定国家的群体和方法，通过估计不包括重点家庭的社区特征，在理论上扩展ALBA-LOGAN位置获得模型。我们将重点分析导致移民子女在社会有利或不利的家庭和社区成长的因素。由于有限的经济资源和贫困社区的居住对获得医疗保健和暴露于健康风险有影响，研究结果将有助于更好地了解健康结果的重要决定因素，并确定特定群体中的儿童，特别是大都市地区的儿童，他们面临不利健康结果的风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will examine the social contexts, defined at the neighborhood or household level, in which the children of immigrant parents are being reared in the U.S. and identify the family/household, parental and metropolitan characteristics associated with these contexts. Theoretically, it is guided by the conceptualization in the literature of three distinct patterns of incorporation: conventional assimilation, downward assimilation (or racialized incorporation), and the pluralist alternative. Since no one of these patterns is adequate for a full understanding of the incorporation of contemporary immigrant groups, our major goal is to identify more precisely the circumstances under which each pattern comes into play. To achieve project goals, both microdata and summary files from the 2000 U.S. Census will be analyzed, drawing upon the investigators' previous work on measures of child well-being and on locational-attainment models. Multi-level models of household and neighborhood outcomes will be estimated for 36 different immigrant groups, as well as for the children in the native families of all the major race groups and Hispanics. These models will include parental, household, and metropolitan characteristics as independent variables and will allow the examination of effects specific to kinds of metropolitan areas through interactions between metropolitan-level variables and lower-level ones. To analyze neighborhood-level outcomes, the investigators have received permission to use the facilities of the New York City Research Data Center to link PUMS and census-tract records, which will extend the Alba-Logan locational attainment models theoretically by using country-specific groups and methodologically by estimating neighborhood characteristics without the focal household included. We will analyze in particular the factors that lead the children of immigrants to grow up in socially advantaged or disadvantaged households and neighborhoods. Since limited economic resources and residence in poverty-stricken neighborhoods have implications for access to health care and exposure to health risks, the findings will provide improved understanding of important determinants of health outcomes and identify children in specific groups in particular metropolitan areas that are at risk for adverse health outcomes.