Sensory Experience in the Contact Zone 1876 - 1938

本研究旨在探讨1876-1938年间，当代情感生态批评在自然世界感官体验叙事中的起源。由朱利叶斯·伯恩斯坦的《人的五种感觉》（1876年）和吕西安·费弗尔的《一种感觉：历史与心理学”（1938年），我认为，这一时期产生的文本证明玛丽路易丝普拉特的建议，与新的地理相遇的网站，“接触区”，是“在地理上和历史上分离的人们相互接触并建立持续关系的空间”（Pratt，1992：6）。在帝国的话语中，经常被重新铭刻在遭遇的叙述中，自然世界的感官体验暴露出一个矛盾的地方，有可能引起对陌生地理的居民的同情。我通过跨学科的实践来研究这种潜力，编织一系列小说的细读，短篇小说，和旅行作品，密切关注物质对象。通过与维康收藏的医学文物接触，我对作家的阅读，包括奥利弗·施赖纳，拉迪亚德·吉卜林，W·H·哈德逊，E·M·福斯特，D·H·劳伦斯，凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德，斯特拉·本森，弗雷娅·斯塔克和玛丽安·诺斯的出现揭示了感官体验和移情“接触区”之间的关系。十九世纪末和二十世纪初，这个项目不仅提供了新的知识，规范和鲜为人知的文本，它也提供了路线，以了解当代话语的环境正义，阐明如何参与自然世界可以复杂化性别，经济和种族化的权力结构。随着全球对自然环境的威胁日益增加，低收入国家和高收入国家之间的差距继续存在，这样一个项目为满足建立对人与地方之间关系的理解的迫切需要作出了重要贡献。

This project investigates the antecedents for contemporary affective ecocriticism as documented in narratives of sensory experience of the natural world in the period 1876-1938. Framed by Julius Bernstein's The Five Senses of Man (1876) and Lucien Febvre's "Une vue d'ensemble: Histoire et psychologie" (1938), I suggest that this period produced texts evidencing Mary Louise Pratt's suggestion that the site of encounter with new geographies, the 'contact zone', is "the space in which people geographically and historically separated come into contact with each other and establish ongoing relations" (Pratt, 1992: 6). Within the discourses of empire frequently re-inscribed within narratives of encounter, sensory experience of the natural world exposes a site of ambivalence with the potential to invite empathy with inhabitants of unfamiliar geographies.I investigate this potential through interdisciplinary practice, weaving close readings of a range of novels, short stories, and travel writings, with close attention to the material object. Contextualised through engagement with the medical antiquities of the Wellcome Collection, my readings of writers including Olive Schreiner, Rudyard Kipling, W H Hudson, E M Forster, D H Lawrence, Katherine Mansfield, Stella Benson, Freya Stark and Marianne North emerge to expose the relationship between sensory experiences and an empathetic 'contact zone'.Tracing a line of continuity between contemporary concerns for sensation and writers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this project not only provides new knowledge on both canonical and lesserknown texts, it also offers routes to understanding contemporary discourses of environmental justice, illuminating how engagement with the natural world can complicate gendered, economic, and racialised power structures. With the increasing global threat to natural environments and the continued gulf between lowincome and high-income nations, such a project makes an important contribution to addressing the urgent need to build understanding of the relationship between people and place.