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Comparative Genomics to Identify Functional Blocks & HGT

比较基因组学来识别功能模块

基本信息

批准号：
7498626
负责人：
peter J bickel
金额：
$ 11.48万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-06-01 至 2009-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7498626
关键词：
Accounting Algorithms Animal Model Antibiotics Bacteria Binding Sites Biological Blast Cell Boxing Classification Code Collaborations Communicable Diseases Communities Computer software DNA Sequence Data Databases Development Developmental Gene Diagnosis Disease Disease regression Disputes Distant Drops Exhibits Family Functional RNA Genes Genome Genomics Goals Guanine + Cytosine Composition Horizontal Gene Transfer Human Human Genome Immunity Individual Joints Knowledge Laboratories Learning Length Letters Light Linear Models Link Literature Machine Learning Markov Chains Mathematics Measurable Measures Methodology Methods Metric Modeling Molecular Profiling Monte Carlo Method Mus Mutation Neighborhoods Nif Genes None or Not Applicable Numbers Ontology Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Phylogenetic Analysis Planning Techniques Population Probability Process Property Proteins Publications RNA Range Rate Regulation Research Research Design Research Personnel Resources Ribosomal Proteins Saccharomycetales Sampling Scheme Score Site Specific qualifier value Standards of Weights and Measures Statistical Methods Statistical Models Stretching Structure Study models Techniques Tetraodontidae Thinking Tissues Training Trees Vaccine Design Validation Weight Work analog base combinatorial comparative density follow-up forest heuristics markov model member novel strategies prototype size statistics transcription factor vector willingness

项目摘要

As the genomes of more and more species are sequenced it has become apparent that one of the mosl powerful techniques for determining region function in the human genome is by comparison to the genomes of other species. The implications of such understanding for disease diagnosis and specialized drug and vaccine design are clear. Similarly, genpmic comparison between bacteria can reveal regions which are functionally important in the development of infectious diseases and again aid drug and vaccine design. This project has two primary research goals. One is the development of methodology for finding functionally predictive signatures of non-coding sequences (NCS)highly conserved across multiple species, and the other is to develop novel approaches for detecting Horizontal Gene Transfer (HOT). The comparison of genomes is the common thread in this research.In pursuit of their first goal, the investigators plan to integrate genomic sequence data, provided by their collaborators, with experimental and literature data, such as microarray-expression data, GO-functional- annotation for nearby genes, and ChlP-Chip data. The results will be used to evaluate the functional relevance, if any, of each NCS and then to define a signature predictive of function in terms of measurable covariates and sequence structure. For instance, if a sequence signature characterizes NCS whose nearest genes contribute to a particular function then an unknown gene close to an NCS with the same signature would be a prime candidate for interrogation of that function. The investigators propose to attack this problem by 1). Developing non standard types of clustering methods based on supervised learning algorithms, e.g.,Random Forests, 2) Representing the NCS by the parameters of a stochastic model and determining appropriate thresholds for model fitting by using resampling and other Monte Carlo methods. Under the second topic, the investigators propose two different approaches for determining whether Functionally significant HGT has occurred in bacteria. The first approach is to take a known functionally important family(NIFgenes) for which HGT is a matter of dispute, and devise quantitative measures which they expect will enable a firm conclusion. They intend to refine similarity measures between genes in different species ,such as BLAST scores, corrected for evolutionary distance They will compute these measures for pairs of NIF genes in different species , pairs of genes known to be HGT (antibiotic immunity conferring genes) and genes very unlikely to be HGT (ribosomal proteins). The second approach is to look for anomalously long stretches of 16s RNA conserved within substantial subsets of bacterial species which are otherwise only distantly related. Mathematical and statistical challenge include: Under approach I, standardizing comparisons of genes with different mutation rates; devising an appropriate classifier for HGT vs. non HGT, and computing appropriate estimates of the probability of classifying a gene as HGT when it isn't and vice versa; Under approach II, extending existing methods for detecting large inclusions by taking into account phylogenetic tree topology and oranch lengths.

随着越来越多的物种的基因组被测序，很明显，其中一个最常见的物种