Microbial and Photolytic Transformations of Chemicals

该项目的总体目标是阐明微生物和光解过程对目标超级基金化学品转化的单独和联合影响，并应用于更好地了解现有超级基金地点的自然转化过程，并开发改进的修复系统。这些化学品将包括有机磷农药（毒死蜱、对硫磷和重氮唑）和多环芳烃（芴及其杂环类似物咔唑、二苯并呋喃和二苯并噻吩；荧光蒽和苯并[a]芘）。这项工作将产生重大影响

The broad objective of this project is to elucidate the separate and combined effects of microbial and photolytic processes on transformations of target Superfund chemicals, with applications to gaining a better understanding of natural transformation processes at existing Superfund sites and to developing improved systems for remediation. These chemicals will include organophosphate pesticides (chlorpyrifos, parathion, and diazonon) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (fluorene and its heterocyclic analogs carbazole, dibenzofuran, and dibenzothiophene; fluoranthene; and benzo[a]pyrene). This work will yield important information regarding the fundamental processes affecting toxic exposures in natural systems, and it will include the development of new strategies for decreasing these exposures through improved remediation systems. The specific aims of this project are as follows. (1) Assess the separate photolytic and microbial isolate transformations of individual target Superfund chemicals. (2) Determine photolytic and microbial transformation effects on toxicity and identify intermediates of interest. (3) Assess biodegradability of photolytic intermediates and photodegradability of biodegradation intermediates. (4) Evaluate influence of physical, chemical, and biological factors on microbial and photolytic degradation, including mixture effects. (5) Develop and evaluate novel remediation technologies based on an innovative combination of photolytic, oxidative, and microbial transformation processes. This work will interface strongly with the other Projects in this proposal through its focus on the same OPs and PAHs, and through it's use of their toxicity assays to assess the toxicity of photolytic and microbial intermediates.