Restoration of riparian habitats on sugarcane plantations for bird diversity, bird - regulated ecosystem services (cont)

为满足日益增长的粮食需求而进行的农业集约化利用变化是热带地区栖息地丧失和破碎化的主要驱动因素。导致生物多样性丧失程度增加，并对生态系统功能产生不利影响。然而，高水平的农业生产力被认为对减少贫困水平和确保粮食安全非常重要，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲的农村地区。毗邻流经农田并为作物提供水源的河流和淡水渠道的河岸栖息地，由于人类的侵占和农业扩张而日益退化。这些栖息地是水生和陆生区域之间的过渡地带。它们非常重要，特别是在农业景观中，因为它们支持高度的生物多样性和提供广泛的生态系统服务。因此，发展退化河岸栖息地的可持续恢复，在保持其功能的同时提高农业生产力，将有助于确保农业利益相关者群体、当地社区的健康和福祉以及生物多样性取得积极成果。关于热带地区河岸带的研究主要集中在水质和水文方面。相比之下，关于这些栖息地在提供有益的生态系统服务（如生物多样性调节的病虫害控制、侵蚀控制）、有害服务（如作物害虫物种）和维持野生动物景观连通性方面的有效性的研究有限。这项研究将集中在坦桑尼亚的Kilombero山谷，这是一个农业景观，甘蔗种植在工业和自给规模上。它旨在解决围绕河岸带的关键知识缺口，具体评估其对景观连通性、生物多样性和提供生物多样性调节的生态系统服务和损害的影响。此外，它将寻求整合社会经济和生态证据，与利益相关者合作，特别是工业和小农，为景观内河岸区的恢复方法和管理干预提供信息。

Title cont - and climate change mitigation and adaptation in rural tropical landscapes, TanzaniaLand use change for agricultural intensification to meet increasing food demands is a main driver of habitat loss and fragmentation within tropical regions. Leading to increased levels of biodiversity loss and adverse impacts to ecosystem functionality. However, high levels of agricultural productivity are considered important to reducing poverty levels and ensuring food security, particularly in the rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. Riparian habitats, adjacent to rivers and freshwater channels traversing through farmed land and providing water for crops, are subject to increasing degradation due to human encroachment and agricultural expansion. These habitats are transitional zones between aquatic and terrestrial areas. They are important, particularly within farming landscapes, due to the high levels of biodiversity they support and range of ecosystem services they provide. Therefore, developing sustainable restoration of degraded riparian habitats that allows for high agricultural productivity whilst maintaining their functionality will be pertinent for ensuring positive outcomes for farming stakeholder groups, local community health and well-being and biodiversity. Largely, research regarding riparian zones in tropical regions has focussed on water quality and hydrology. Contrastingly, there is limited research to address the effectiveness of these habitats for the provision of beneficial ecosystem services (e.g. biodiversity regulated pest control, erosion control), disservices (e.g. crop pest species) and for maintaining landscape connectivity for wildlife. This research will focus on the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania, an agricultural landscape where sugarcane is farmed at both an industrial and subsistence scale. It aims to address key knowledge gaps surrounding riparian zones, specifically assessing their influence on landscape connectivity, biodiversity and provision of biodiversity-regulated ecosystem services and disservices. Furthermore, it will look to integrate socio-economic and ecological evidence, collaborating with stakeholders, specifically industry and small-holder farmers, to inform restoration approaches and management interventions for riparian zones within the landscape.