Reconstructing Regional Identities in Britain 1st BCE-4th CE through Metal Artefacts: The case of the Cornovii

该研究将探讨罗马统治下英国西南部地区身份的重要问题，并试图通过对铁器时代和罗马硬币和金属制品的大规模研究来定义德文郡/南萨默塞特郡（Dumnonii）和康沃尔郡（Cornovii）的人之间的根本差异。传统的学术观点认为，这个地区是一个叫做Dumnonii的民族的领土的一部分，但大卫·马丁利教授提出，他们与科诺维人不同，在他玛河以西，这种分歧在罗马时期之前就存在了。康沃尔也因缺乏城市定居点和罗马别墅而闻名，这使它看起来更像该省的军事区。事实上，在过去的20年里，罗马的堡垒一直靠近历时性的采矿景观，这支持了Cornovii及其矿产丰富的领土比Dumnonii更受罗马监管的观点。我打算把重点放在当地制造和消费的具有独特标记和设计的金属制品上，例如康沃尔31型罗马胸针，以辨别康沃尔土著人民的文化独特性及其对矿产财富的控制。我想询问这些人工制品的生产原料和这些矿物的来源。因此，对这些文物和硬币的冶金成分进行分析是关键，尤其是公元3世纪锡贸易高峰时期生产的罗马辐射库，当它们不再是法定货币时，就会用它们的金属含量进行交易，然后再利用，可能还会用当地的金属（如银）重新铸造表面。我将尝试通过检查这些硬币的放置，内容和背景来了解囤积者的社会经济行为。通过空间分析来研究铁器时代和罗马钱币发现点的分布模式，以及它们与锡石和锡流锡源的接近程度，以及它们与当代遗址和海岸的关系，我希望建立一个概念，即锡贸易在这一时期是如何运作的，以及科诺维人是如何以高质量和可达性而闻名于欧洲其他地区的。该项目将解决关于罗马不列颠尼亚殖民统治影响的不同性质以及由此产生的不同身份的全国性重要研究问题。通过解决地区身份问题，它还将展示康沃尔和泥盆纪地区主义比正统模型目前所认识的更大的时间深度。它还将调动便携式古物计划继续收集的大量数据的研究潜力，我将把这些数据作为我的主要资源，同时结合当地制作的记录遗失文物的目录。该计划由大英博物馆管理，我希望在第三年确保我的主要安置，以及其他两个地方博物馆的安置，作为计划的一部分。

The research will explore important issues of regional identity in South West Britain under Roman rule and try to define the fundamental differences between the people of Devon/southern Somerset (Dumnonii) and the people of Cornwall (Cornovii) through a large-scale study of Iron Age and Roman coins and metalwork. The conventional academic view of this region is that it was all part of the territory of a people called the Dumnonii, but Professor David Mattingly has proposed that they differed from the Cornovii, to the west of the River Tamar, and that this divergence pre-dated the Roman period. Cornwall is also notable for its lack of urban settlements and Roman villas, making it look more like the military zones of the province. In fact, over the last 20 years, Roman forts have been located close to diachronic mining landscapes, supporting the idea of the Cornovii and their mineral-rich territory being more closely supervised by Rome than the Dumnonii. I intend to focus on locally made and consumed metalwork with unique markers and designs, such as the Cornish Type 31 Roman brooches, in order to discern the cultural distinctiveness of the indigenous peoples of Cornwall and their control of its mineral wealth. I want to interrogate the source materials for the production of these artefacts and the provenance of these minerals. Analysis of the metallurgical composition of these artefacts and coins is therefore key, particularly the Roman radiate hoards which were being produced at the height of tin trade in the 3rd century AD, and when no longer legal tender, traded for their metal content and re-used and possibly re-minted using local metals such as silver for the surface. I will try to understand the socio-economic behaviour of the hoarders by examining the placement, content and context of these coin hoards. Using spatial analysis to look at the distribution pattern of findspots of Iron Age and Roman coins and their proximity to tin sources of cassiterite and tin streams and their location in relation to contemporary sites and the coast, I hope to establish an idea of how the tin trade may have operated during this time and how the Cornovii developed a reputation for quality and accessibility to the rest of Europe.The project will address nationally important research questions about the varied nature of the impacts of the colonial rule of Roman Britannia and the discrepant identities that this gave rise to. By addressing issues of regional identities, it will also demonstrate a much greater time depth of Cornish and Devonian regionalism than orthodox models currently recognise. It will also mobilise the research potential of the huge volume of data continuing to be assembled by the Portable Antiquities Scheme, which I will use as my main resource, while incorporating locally produced catalogues which document lost finds. The Scheme is managed by the British Museum where I hope to secure my main placement during the third year, along with two other placements at regional museums, as part of the schedule.