Imaging Hippocampal Function in Psychosis

精神病中海马功能的成像

• 批准号: 7225906
• 负责人: STEPHAN HECKERS
• 金额: $ 24.71万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-07 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7225906
• 关键词: Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Autopsy; Award; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Brain region; Chronic; Chronic Schizophrenia; Cognitive deficits; Complement; Development; Episodic memory; Functional Imaging; Functional disorder; Grant; Hippocampal Formation; Hippocampus (Brain); Hospitalization; Image; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Medial; Memory; Memory impairment; Mentored Clinical Oncology Award; Mentored Clinical Scientist Award; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Parietal Lobe; Pathology; Patients; Prefrontal Cortex; Production; Protocols documentation; Psychotic Disorders; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Role; Schizophrenia; Staging; Structure; Symptoms; Task Performances; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thalamic structure; Thick; Time; base; experience; functional disability; memory retrieval; neuroimaging; novel; paired stimuli; programs; relating to nervous system; relational memory

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revised proposal to study the structure and function of the hippocampal formation in psychosis. Hippocampal volume deficits are among the most robust brain abnormalities in chronic patients with schizophrenia. More recent studies have now established that hippocampal volume reduction is already present in the early stages of psychosis - in patients who develop schizophrenia as well as those who develop bipolar disorder. It is unclear, however, whether hippocampal pathology can explain the psychotic features or the well-known memory deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Here the applicant is proposing to test the hypothesis that hippocampal dysfunction is necessary (but not sufficient) for the production of psychosis. Memory deficits are predicted to be prominent in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder because cortico-hippocampal interactions are perturbed in psychosis. To test this hypothesis, two groups of patients will be studied with novel morphometric and functional imaging approaches. First, two forms of hippocampal-dependent memory (i.e., the ability to remember episodes and the ability to infer relationships among items) will be studied in chronic patients with schizophrenia. This will allow the applicant to test the prediction that hippocampal dysfunction in conjunction with cortical and thalamic abnormalities can explain specific memory deficits in schizophrenia. Second, schizophrenic and bipolar patients will be studied at the time of their first hospitalization. Hippocampal function during episodic and relational memory task performance is predicted to be abnormal in the early stages of psychosis, whereas cortical dysfunction is less prominent compared to chronic patients with schizophrenia. The proposed studies are designed to elucidate the crucial role of hippocampal dysfunction for the production of psychosis and the development of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

描述(由申请人提供)：这是一份研究精神病患者海马区结构和功能的修订提案。在慢性精神分裂症患者中，海马体体积缺陷是最强烈的脑异常之一。最近的研究已经证实，海马体体积缩小已经出现在精神病的早期阶段--发展为精神分裂症的患者以及发展为双相情感障碍的患者。然而，目前尚不清楚海马区的病理是否可以解释精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的精神病特征或众所周知的记忆缺陷。 在这里，申请人建议测试的假设，即海马体功能障碍是必要的(但不是充分的)，以产生精神病。据预测，记忆缺陷在精神分裂症和双相情感障碍中会很突出，因为大脑皮质-海马区的相互作用在精神病中受到干扰。为了验证这一假设，将使用新的形态测量和功能成像方法对两组患者进行研究。首先，将研究慢性精神分裂症患者的两种形式的海马体依赖记忆(即记忆情节的能力和推断项目之间关系的能力)。这将使申请者能够测试海马体功能障碍与皮质和丘脑异常可以解释精神分裂症特定记忆缺陷的预测。其次，精神分裂症和躁郁症患者将在首次住院时进行研究。据预测，在精神病的早期阶段，海马体在情节和关系记忆任务中的功能表现是异常的，而与慢性精神分裂症患者相比，皮质功能障碍不那么突出。 这项拟议的研究旨在阐明海马体功能障碍在精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的精神障碍和认知障碍发展中的关键作用。