Imaging Hippocampal Function in Psychosis

精神病中海马功能的成像

• 批准号: 7658844
• 负责人: STEPHAN HECKERS
• 金额: $ 24.74万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-07 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7658844
• 关键词: Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Autopsy; Award; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Brain region; Chronic; Chronic Schizophrenia; Cognitive deficits; Complement; Development; Episodic memory; Functional Imaging; Functional disorder; Grant; Hippocampal Formation; Hippocampus (Brain); Hospitalization; Image; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Medial; Memory; Memory impairment; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Parietal Lobe; Pathology; Patients; Prefrontal Cortex; Production; Protocols documentation; Psychotic Disorders; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Role; Schizophrenia; Staging; Structure; Symptoms; Task Performances; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thalamic structure; Thick; Time; base; experience; functional disability; memory retrieval; neuroimaging; novel; paired stimuli; programs; relating to nervous system; relational memory

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revised proposal to study the structure and function of the hippocampal formation in psychosis. Hippocampal volume deficits are among the most robust brain abnormalities in chronic patients with schizophrenia. More recent studies have now established that hippocampal volume reduction is already present in the early stages of psychosis - in patients who develop schizophrenia as well as those who develop bipolar disorder. It is unclear, however, whether hippocampal pathology can explain the psychotic features or the well-known memory deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Here the applicant is proposing to test the hypothesis that hippocampal dysfunction is necessary (but not sufficient) for the production of psychosis. Memory deficits are predicted to be prominent in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder because cortico-hippocampal interactions are perturbed in psychosis. To test this hypothesis, two groups of patients will be studied with novel morphometric and functional imaging approaches. First, two forms of hippocampal-dependent memory (i.e., the ability to remember episodes and the ability to infer relationships among items) will be studied in chronic patients with schizophrenia. This will allow the applicant to test the prediction that hippocampal dysfunction in conjunction with cortical and thalamic abnormalities can explain specific memory deficits in schizophrenia. Second, schizophrenic and bipolar patients will be studied at the time of their first hospitalization. Hippocampal function during episodic and relational memory task performance is predicted to be abnormal in the early stages of psychosis, whereas cortical dysfunction is less prominent compared to chronic patients with schizophrenia. The proposed studies are designed to elucidate the crucial role of hippocampal dysfunction for the production of psychosis and the development of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一项研究精神病中海马结构的结构和功能的修订提案。海马体积缺陷是慢性精神分裂症患者最严重的大脑异常之一。最近的研究已经证实，海马体积缩小已经存在于精神病的早期阶段——在患有精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的患者中。然而，目前尚不清楚海马病理学是否可以解释精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的精神病特征或众所周知的记忆缺陷。 在此，申请人提议检验以下假设：海马功能障碍对于精神病的产生是必要的（但不是充分的）。预计记忆缺陷在精神分裂症和双相情感障碍中最为突出，因为皮质-海马相互作用在精神病中受到干扰。为了检验这一假设，将使用新颖的形态测量和功能成像方法对两组患者进行研究。首先，将在慢性精神分裂症患者中研究两种形式的海马依赖性记忆（即记住事件的能力和推断项目之间关系的能力）。这将使申请人能够测试海马功能障碍与皮质和丘脑异常相结合可以解释精神分裂症中特定记忆缺陷的预测。其次，精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者将在首次住院时接受研究。在精神病早期阶段，情景记忆和关系记忆任务执行过程中的海马功能预计会出现异常，而与慢性精神分裂症患者相比，皮质功能障碍不太明显。 拟议的研究旨在阐明海马功能障碍对于精神分裂症和躁郁症的精神病产生和认知缺陷发展的关键作用。