RESTRICTED REPETITIVE BEHAVIOR IN AUTISM

自闭症患者的限制性重复行为

• 批准号: 7228052
• 负责人: James William Bodfish
• 金额: $ 20.52万
• 依托单位: NC STATE DEPT/HLTH & HUMAN SERVICES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-13 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7228052
• 关键词: Amygdaloid structure; Animals; Autistic Disorder; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral inhibition; Blinking; Child; Cognitive; Complex; Corpus striatum structure; Development; Development, Other; Developmental Disabilities; Diagnosis; Dyskinetic syndrome; Environment; Event; Generations; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Individual; Link; Literature; Maintenance; Measures; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Movement Disorders; Neurobiology; Pattern; Persons; Pliability; Process; Production; Rate; Relative (related person); Ritual compulsion; Self-Injurious Behavior; Stereotyping; Stimulus; Testing; base; clinically significant; developmental disease; frontal lobe; interest; memory recognition; mental set; motor control; neocortical; neurobehavioral; novel; response; stereotypy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior comprise one of the core features used to diagnose autistic disorders. A wide variety of abnormal repetitive movements (dyskinesia, tics, stereotyped body and object movements) and abnormal repetitive behaviors (compulsions, rituals, insistence on sameness, restricted interests) occurs in persons with autism. Currently we know little about how these abnormal movements and behaviors are linked in the case of autism. Further, little is known about the pattern of repetitive behaviors that best discriminates autism from other developmental disorders. Preliminary findings suggest a distinction between "lower-order" repetitive behaviors (e.g. stereotyped body and object movements) and "higher-order" repetitive behaviors (e.g. rituals, sameness, restricted interests) in autism. The presence of a variety of simple repetitive behaviors that involve perseveration of motor actions suggests the involvement of motor control deficits. The presence of a variety of more complex repetitive behaviors that involve the rigid imposition of rules or the maintenance of a limited mental set suggests the involvement of specific deficits in cognitive flexibility. This model proposes that a combination of deficient motor control and cognitive flexibility processes occurs in autism that together constrains the ability to inhibit prepotent responding (stereotyped movements, compulsions), diminishes the ability to orient to novel events in the environment (insistence on sameness) and impairs the ability to generate flexible, adaptable patterns of behavior (rituals, restricted interests). To test the proposed model we will compare groups of children with autism (n = 90), children with nonspecific developmental disability (n = 60), and typically developing children (n = 90) on: (a) a standardized assessment (the Repetitive Behavior Scale) for identifying and measuring the variety of repetitive behaviors associated with autism (stereotypy, self-injury, compulsions, rituals/routines, sameness behavior, restricted interests); (b) a set of motor control tests (involuntary movement disorder exam, assessment of spontaneous eye blink rate, postural stability task), and (c) a set of cognitive flexibility tests (behavioral inhibition, set-shifting, novelty recognition memory, exploration task).

描述（由申请人提供）：行为的受限，重复和刻板印象是用于诊断自闭症疾病的核心特征之一。各种各样的重复运动（失调，刻板印象，身体和物体运动）以及异常的重复行为（强迫，仪式，坚持相同，限制性的利益）发生在患有自闭症的人中。目前，我们对这些异常运动和行为在自闭症的情况下如何联系在一起。此外，对最能区分自闭症与其他发育障碍的重复行为的模式知之甚少。初步发现表明，自闭症中的“低阶”重复行为（例如，刻板印象的身体和物体运动）和“高阶”重复行为（例如，仪式，相同，受限的利益）。涉及持续的运动动作的各种简单重复行为的存在表明运动控制缺陷的参与。各种更复杂的重复行为的存在，涉及严格强加规则或维持有限的心理集合，这表明特定缺陷参与认知灵活性。该模型提出，自闭症中发生了不足的运动控制和认知灵活性过程的结合，共同限制了抑制预期反应的能力（刻板印象的运动，强迫症），降低了与环境中新事件实向的能力（坚持相同性），并影响柔性，可适应性的行为（限制）。要测试提出的模型，我们将比较自闭症儿童（n = 90），患有非特异性发育残疾儿童（n = 60）以及通常在：（n = 90）上的儿童（n = 90）：（a）标准化评估（重复行为量表），以识别和识别与自身的重复性相关的重复性行为（施法，自动化，自动化，自身，自我，自我，;利益）； （b）一组运动控制测试（非自愿运动障碍考试，自发眼眨眼率，姿势稳定性任务的评估）和（c）一组认知灵活性测试（行为抑制，设置转移，新颖性识别记忆，探索任务）。