Single Photon Detection using AlGaAsSb Avalanche Photodiodes

1)完成对可用的跨阻抗(TIA)放大器的全面调查，以实现尽可能低的电子噪声。这应该是管芯的形式，以便它可以与AlGaAsSb雪崩光电二极管(APD)集成在一起。2)集成APD和TIA，使得整个模块噪声可以表征为温度的函数，例如从200-350 K。3)演示使用集成的APD-TIA模块进行单光子探测。4)基于APD的特性，设计和实现定制放大器以最大化单光子探测效率(SPDE)。光可以被认为是离散的能量单位：光子，如爱因斯坦所介绍的。单光子探测是探测光的传感器或光电探测器的终极灵敏度。因此，单光子探测器技术是释放量子应用(包括安全通信和计算)和无数低光子应用(包括卫星与地面通信、远程大气气体传感和生物/化学光谱学)潜力的关键。对于实际的大众市场应用，需要在1550 nm的红外波长上实现SPDE大于50%的高性能单光子探测器。该方案旨在通过将EEE的AlGaAsSb雪崩光电二极管专利技术与定制设计的低噪声放大器相结合来实现这一目标。基于EEE的专利，福莱克斯已成功制造出同类产品中最好的APD。因此，该项目将与Phlux合作，优化AlGaAsSb单光子探测。该项目还将apd与TIA芯片集成在一起，形成一个紧凑且负担得起的模块，实现SPDE~50%。

1) Complete a comprehensive survey of available transimpedance (TIA) amplifiers to achieve the lowest possible electronic noise. This should be in the form of die so that it can be integrated with the AlGaAsSb Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs)2) Integrate the APD and TIA such that the overall module noise can be characterised as a function of temperature, for example from 200-350K.3) Demonstrate single photon detection using the integrated APD-TIA module.4) Based on the APD characteristics, design and implement a custom amplifier to maximise the single photon detection efficiency (SPDE).Light can be thought of as discrete units of energy: photons, as introduced by Einstein. Single photon detection is the ultimate sensitivity for a sensor detecting light or a photodetector. A single photon detector technology is therefore the key to unlock the potential of quantum applications (including secure communication and computing) and myriad low photon applications (including satellite to ground communication, long range atmospheric gas sensing and biological/chemical spectroscopy). For practical mass-market applications there is a need for high performance single photon detectors at infrared wavelengths of 1550 nm that can achieve SPDE above 50%. This proposal aims to achieve this target by combining the patented AlGaAsSb APD technology from EEE with a custom-designed low noise amplifier. Based on the patent from EEE, Phlux has successfully manufactured the best APDs in its class. Therefore the project will work with Phlux to optimise the AlGaAsSb for single photon detection. The project would also integrate the APD with TIA chips to form a compact and affordable module that achieves SPDE ~50%.