Horizon CDT Year 1

随着抑郁症和焦虑症等心理健康问题的发病率持续上升，英国的心理健康服务需求日益增长（Baker & Kirk-Wade, 2023）。智能手机应用程序和基于互联网的程序等数字干预措施正变得越来越受欢迎，成为解决这一需求和其他护理障碍的潜在解决方案。由于COVID-19大流行，这一趋势随着在线或混合护理的增加而加速（Torous等人，2020年）。然而，这些技术存在一些问题，如缺乏监管和问责制、数据政策、患者依从性和医疗保健的成功实施（Baños等人，2022年）。NHS和NICE最近在评估和监管此类数字干预方面取得了进展，但负责任的研究与创新（RRI）框架可能会提供一些见解，可以改善开发过程，以解决问题和缺点。RRI鼓励考虑研究和创新的更广泛的社会、环境和伦理背景及其影响。从这个角度来看，新兴技术，如数字心理健康干预措施，可以在开发过程中嵌入这种方法，以确保其结果的道德可持续性和可取性（Stahl等人，2021）。这可以改善用户和精神卫生服务机构对高质量数字干预措施的选择和获取。然而，重要的是要了解这些RRI框架在多大程度上有利于干预发展，不同利益相关者如何理解和评估它们，以及它们如何适应当前的监管和政策背景。因此，本博士将旨在探讨各种数字心理健康利益相关者对RRI目前在这些干预措施的开发过程中所扮演或应该扮演的角色的看法。该博士课程将使用一系列定性方法，与开发者、用户、研究人员、临床医生、政策制定者、创新网络和其他利益相关者进行对话，收集他们对该主题的意见。同样重要的是，看看英国国家医疗服务体系目前使用或推荐的干预措施是什么，并检查影响它们的现行政策和法规，以清楚地了解这一研究领域。最终目标将是为数字心理健康干预措施的开发人员创建一套建议，以告知负责任的干预措施开发实践，使其最适合用户和NHS，进一步为政策和法规提供信息，并围绕这些问题为公众创造资源，以实现知情决策。本文作者是由诺丁汉大学博士培养地平线中心(UKRI资助号：EP / S023305/1)。

Mental health services in the UK are increasingly in demand as rates of mental health problems such as depression and anxiety continue to rise (Baker & Kirk-Wade, 2023). Digital interventions, such as smartphone apps and internet-based programs, are becoming more popular as potential solutions to address this demand and other barriers to care. This has accelerated with the rise in online or hybrid care due to the COVID-19 pandemic (Torous et al., 2020). However, there are concerns with these technologies such as the lack of regulation and accountability, data policies, patient adherence and successful implementation into healthcare (Baños et al., 2022). There have been recent progressions in the evaluation and regulation of such digital interventions by the NHS and NICE, but Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) frameworks may offer insights that could improve development processes to address concerns and drawbacks. RRI encourages consideration of the wider social, environmental and ethical context of research and innovation and its implications. Using this lens, emerging technologies, such as digital mental health interventions, could embed this approach during development to ensure the ethical sustainability and desirability of their outcomes (Stahl et al., 2021). This could improve the choice and access to quality digital interventions for users and mental health services. However, it is important to understand to what extent these RRI frameworks could benefit intervention development, how they are understood and appraised by different stakeholders and how they fit into the current regulation and policy context.Therefore, this PhD will aim to explore the perspectives of various digital mental health stakeholders on the role that RRI currently does, or should play, in the development process of these interventions. Using a range of qualitative methods, this PhD will involve talking to developers, users, researchers, clinicians, policymakers, innovation networks and other stakeholders to gather their opinions on the subject. It will also be important to look at what interventions are currently used or recommended by NHS England for common mental health disorders and examine current policies and regulations that influence them to get a clear picture of this research area. The aim will ultimately be to create a set of recommendations for digital mental health intervention developers to inform the responsible development practices of interventions to make them best suited for users and the NHS, to further inform policy and regulation, and to create resources for the general public around these issues to enable informed decisions.This author is supported by the Horizon Centre for Doctoral Training at the University of Nottingham (UKRI Grant No. EP/S023305/1).