Pride or Prejudice? The Divergence of Right-Wing Populism between The Hetero and The Homo

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Right-wing populism is associated with political positionsdiscriminative against minority groups. So much so that itis viewed, ideologically, as a coherent package of beliefsagainst minority groups, with the advancement of theseparties a challenge to liberal democracy (Galston, 2018).However, this presumed coherence deteriorates underdifferent ideological configurations. Right-wing populismhas seen the emergence of a new generation, with a moreprogressive stance on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, andTransgender (LGBT) rights - whilst still retaining anoppositional stance toward immigrants & ethnic minorities(IEM). This phenomenon has been labelled as'homonationalism' by Puar (2007). Still, little is knownabout why some right-wing populists embrace LGBT valueswhile others continue to discriminate them, whilst allespouse anti-immigration positions. This projectinvestigates why homonationalism arises in someEuropean states but not others, by considering whetherright-wing populists are constrained in their policies by ashift toward progressive public opinion, and/or whetherright-wing political entrepreneurs use progressive LGBTpolicies to justify discrimination towards IEM. Phase oneuses longitudinal data to analyse trends in homonationalistopinion configurations through multilevel modelling. Phasetwo analyses propaganda to measure homonationalistparty positions. Phase three will select case studies forprocess tracing, incorporating semi-structured interviews.