Pride or Prejudice? The Divergence of Right-Wing Populism between The Hetero and The Homo

右翼民粹主义与歧视少数群体的政治立场有关。以至于在意识形态上，它被视为一套针对少数群体的连贯信念，这些政党的进步是对自由民主的挑战（Galston, 2018）。然而，在不同的意识形态结构下，这种假定的一致性恶化了。右翼民粹主义已经出现了新一代，他们对女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性人（LGBT）的权利持更进步的立场，同时仍然对移民和少数民族（IEM）持反对立场。这种现象被Puar（2007）称为“同性恋民族主义”。然而，很少有人知道为什么一些右翼民粹主义者接受LGBT价值观，而另一些人继续歧视他们，而所有人都支持反移民立场。该项目通过考虑右翼民粹主义者是否因转向进步的公众舆论而在政策上受到限制，以及/或右翼政治企业家是否利用进步的lgbt政策来证明对独立民族主义者的歧视是正当的，来调查为什么同性恋民族主义在一些欧洲国家而不是其他国家出现。第一阶段使用纵向数据，通过多层次建模分析同族主义意见配置的趋势。第二阶段分析宣传，以衡量民族主义政党的立场。第三阶段将选择案例研究进行过程跟踪，并结合半结构化访谈。

Right-wing populism is associated with political positionsdiscriminative against minority groups. So much so that itis viewed, ideologically, as a coherent package of beliefsagainst minority groups, with the advancement of theseparties a challenge to liberal democracy (Galston, 2018).However, this presumed coherence deteriorates underdifferent ideological configurations. Right-wing populismhas seen the emergence of a new generation, with a moreprogressive stance on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, andTransgender (LGBT) rights - whilst still retaining anoppositional stance toward immigrants & ethnic minorities(IEM). This phenomenon has been labelled as'homonationalism' by Puar (2007). Still, little is knownabout why some right-wing populists embrace LGBT valueswhile others continue to discriminate them, whilst allespouse anti-immigration positions. This projectinvestigates why homonationalism arises in someEuropean states but not others, by considering whetherright-wing populists are constrained in their policies by ashift toward progressive public opinion, and/or whetherright-wing political entrepreneurs use progressive LGBTpolicies to justify discrimination towards IEM. Phase oneuses longitudinal data to analyse trends in homonationalistopinion configurations through multilevel modelling. Phasetwo analyses propaganda to measure homonationalistparty positions. Phase three will select case studies forprocess tracing, incorporating semi-structured interviews.