Measuring Alcohol and Stress Interactions with Structural and Perfusion MRI

通过结构和灌注 MRI 测量酒精和压力的相互作用

• 批准号: 7234646
• 负责人: JAMES B DAUNAIS
• 金额: $ 37.04万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-15 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7234646
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Algorithms; Anatomic structures; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Behavioral; Biomedical Computing; Brain; Brain region; Cerebellum; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrum; Child health care; Chronic; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Collaborations; Computer software; Condition; Consumption; Controlled Environment; Corpus Callosum; Data; Diagnosis; Disease; Ensure; Environment; Ethanol; Exposure to; Funding; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Human Development; Image; Image Analysis; Imaging Device; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Institutes; Life; Long-Term Effects; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medical; Medical Imaging; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Mothers; Neuroanatomy; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Neurons; Neurosciences; Nurseries; Nutritional; Perfusion; Perfusion Weighted MRI; Physiological; Play; Positioning Attribute; Predisposition; Primates; Process; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rodent; Role; Scanning; Self Administration; Self-Administered; Stress; Structure; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Virginia; Work; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; base; chronic alcohol ingestion; cost; design; drinking; early childhood; experience; frontal lobe; gray matter; human study; insight; mature animal; morphometry; multidisciplinary; multidrug abuse; neuroimaging; neuroinformatics; nonhuman primate; problem drinker; programs; research study; translational study; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol abuse continues to be a major problem in the United States with an estimated 14 million adults meeting the clinical criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol abuse or alcoholism at an estimated cost of $185 billion. Chronic alcohol exposure has been shown to impact structure and function of the brain. Since most of what is known of alcohol's effects on the brain is based on studies of individuals who have abused for a long time, it is unclear whether some of the effects might occur early in the abuse process. Additionally, human studies are often complicated by many factors incuding polydrug abuse, poor nutritional states and other medical conditions. Another complicating factor is the interaction of stress and alcohol. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we will examine the the effects of chronic alcohol self- administration on brain structure and function in a group of monkeys that have been mother-reared or nursery-reared. MRI scans will be acquired to determine whether there are differences in stucture or functions as a result of alcohol exposure and whether rearing conditions play a role in these effects. MRI techniques will also be used to examine how chronic alcohol consumption affects cerebral blood flow, which is a measure of neuronal activity. Because we will conduct these measures both before and after alcohol exposure in the same "young adult" animals, we will be able to track any changes that might occur early in alcohol abuse which is something that cannot be accomplished in human studies. Another goal is to adapt imaging tools and computer software that are used to measure the brains of humans to the monkey brain. To accomplish this, we will collaborate with the National Alliance for Medical Computing (NA-MIC), an existing NIH Center for Biomedical Computing. We can control all variables associated with alcohol self-administration in these monkeys. They will be monitored both before and after exposure to alcohol, thus, we will be able to monitor the progression of any changes in structure or function that directly result from alcohol exposure. These studies will help identify how exposure to long-term alcohol might affect how the brain works.

酒精滥用仍然是美国的一个主要问题，估计有1400万成年人符合酒精滥用或酒精中毒的临床诊断标准，估计费用为1850亿美元。长期酒精暴露已被证明会影响大脑的结构和功能。由于大多数已知的酒精对大脑的影响都是基于对长期滥用的个人的研究，因此尚不清楚某些影响是否可能发生在滥用过程的早期。此外，人体研究往往因多种药物滥用、营养状况差和其他医疗条件等因素而变得复杂。另一个复杂的因素是压力和酒精的相互作用。利用磁共振成像（MRI），我们将研究长期自我饮酒对一组母亲饲养或托儿所饲养的猴子大脑结构和功能的影响。将进行MRI扫描，以确定酒精暴露是否导致结构或功能的差异，以及饲养条件是否在这些影响中发挥作用。MRI技术也将被用来检查慢性饮酒如何影响脑血流量，这是神经元活动的一种衡量标准。因为我们将在相同的“年轻成年”动物酒精暴露前后进行这些测量，我们将能够跟踪酒精滥用早期可能发生的任何变化，这在人类研究中无法实现。另一个目标是使用于测量人类大脑的成像工具和计算机软件适用于猴子大脑。为了实现这一目标，我们将与国家医学计算联盟（NA-MIC）合作，该联盟是现有的NIH生物医学计算中心。我们可以控制所有与这些猴子自我饮酒相关的变量。它们将在暴露于酒精之前和之后进行监测，因此，我们将能够监测直接由酒精暴露引起的结构或功能变化的进展。这些研究将有助于确定长期接触酒精如何影响大脑的工作。