Selective Inhibitors to Improve CPT-11 Therapy

描述（由申请人提供）：CPT-11是一种喜树碱衍生的前药，可被羧酸酯酶（CE）激活，产生SN-38，一种有效的拓扑异构酶I抑制剂。CPT-11在动物模型中表现出显著的抗肿瘤活性，目前正用于各种人类恶性肿瘤的临床试验。药物在肝脏中被激活，主要通过胆汁中的沉积排泄。然而，这种药物的剂量限制性毒性是给药后24-96小时发生的迟发性腹泻。由于胆管在十二指肠中通向肠道，十二指肠是肠中CE和CPT-11转化活性水平最高的区域，因此我们提出腹泻是通过肠道中存在的人肠CE（hiCE）的药物活化而发生的。为了改善这种毒性，我们开发了选择性hiCE抑制剂。在本申请中，我们将使用各种分子建模和QSAR技术来提高这些化合物的效力，并确定这些新化学品抑制酶的机制。最后，我们将在动物模型中评估这些药物对减少CPT-11诱导的腹泻的疗效。 因此，本申请的具体目的是：1）基于SAR分析设计和合成选择性抑制剂; 2）确定抑制机制; 3）评估新抑制剂在体外和细胞培养系统中选择性抑制hiCE的能力; 4）产生导致hiCE cDNA在小鼠肠CE启动子控制下表达的小鼠模型;和5）确定新的抑制剂是否改善该小鼠模型中CPT-11诱导的腹泻。 总体而言，这些研究应允许开发与CPT-11联合使用的选择性抑制剂，以降低药物的毒性。此外，此类化合物可允许CPT-11的剂量强化以改善癌症治疗。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): CPT-11 is a camptothecin derived prodrug that is activated by carboxylesterases (CE) to yield SN-38, a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor. CPT-11 has demonstrated remarkable antitumor activity in animal models and is currently being used in clinical trials for a variety of human malignancies. The drug is activated in the liver and primarily excreted by deposition in the bile. However, the dose limiting toxicity for this drug is delayed diarrhea that occurs 24-96 hours following administration. Since the bile duct opens into the gut in the duodenum, the region of the intestine that demonstrates the highest levels of CE and CPT-11 converting activity, we propose that the diarrhea occurs via drug activation from the human intestinal CE (hiCE) present in the gut. In an attempt to ameliorate this toxicity, we have developed selective hiCE inhibitors. In this application, we will use a variety of molecular modeling and QSAR techniques to improve the potency of these compounds and determine the mechanism of enzyme inhibition by these novel chemicals. Finally, we will assess the efficacy of these agents towards reducing CPT-11-induced diarrhea in an animal model. The Specific Aims of this application are therefore to: 1) design and synthesize selective inhibitors based upon SAR analysis; 2) determine the mechanism of inhibition; 3) assess the ability of the novel inhibitors to selectively inhibit hiCE both in vitro and in cell culture systems; 4) generate a mouse model that results in expression of the hiCE cDNA under control of the mouse intestinal CE promoter; and 5) determine whether the novel inhibitors ameliorate CPT-11-induced diarrhea in this mouse model. Overall, these studies should allow development of selective inhibitors for use in combination with CPT-11 to reduce the toxicity of the drug. Additionally, such compounds may allow dose intensification of CPT-11 for improved cancer therapy.