Investigation of the fibre-matrix interface for glass fibre & carbon fibre composites exposed to cryogenic loading and fatigue conditions.

玻璃纤维纤维-基体界面的研究

• 批准号: 2889289
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Strathclyde
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2889289
• 关键词: Investigation; fibre; matrix; interface; glass

Multiple sectors are currently evaluating the use of liquid hydrogen (LH2) as a key future energy source, with particular focus from the aerospace sector. Given the market impetus for wide adoption of LH2 there is significant need to establish rational design rules for the pressurised vessels that will be used to store LH2 safely on the airframe over its lifetime. These vessels, manufactured using composite materials, will be exposed to long-term adverse environmental conditions that have not yet been fully investigated. The effect of cryogenic cycling on the fundamental fibre-matrix performance of a composite material is an unaddressed and critical parameter in the long-term structural performance of LH2 pressurised vessels. Composite properties result from a combination of the characteristics of the fibre and the matrix as well as the ability to transfer stresses across the fibre-matrix interface, which acts as the link between the two components. The strength of the fibre-matrix interface determines how much of the applied stress can be transferred to the load-bearing fibres. This interfacial strength is largely determined by the degree to which the fibres and matrix are intimately contacted and the level of adhesion at those contact points. With the fibre-matrix interface playing a key role in defining the long-term performance of composites deployed in harsh environments, there is now an important need for fundamental studies of the effects that repeated exposure of a composite system to cryogenic conditions will have on the fibre-matrix interface. This in turn will inform us on any changes to the structural and sealing performance of a composite pressurised vessel used to store LH2. As we develop away from the last generation of high-performance thermoset polymers derived from fossil fuels, (e.g. epoxies), towards new sustainable forms of resin system, (e.g. bio-derived resins, liquid thermoplastic resins and/or vitrimers), there is a critical need to understand and optimise the interface interaction for these systems, whilst exposing them to the harsh environments that they will be expected to operate in long-term.The aim of this experimental PhD project is to understand and quantify the fibre-matrix interface for current generation resin (e.g. epoxy) and fibre combinations, (e.g. glass/carbon), utilised in LH2 pressurised vessels. Research would span investigating the effects on the interface whilst at cryogenic temperatures, as well as the effects of repeated cryogenic cycling on the fibre-matrix interface. Comparable work is already conducted within the Advanced Composites Group (ACG). The investigation would encompass micro- (single fibre) and macro-mechanical testing in combination with thermal analysis. The effect of variations in temperature and humidity to simulate operational conditions would also be explored. The scope of the project may also be expanded to include next-generation resin systems, including bio-derived and vitrimer systems, given their future importance in the sector.

目前，多个部门正在评估液氢（LH 2）作为未来主要能源的使用，特别是航空航天部门。考虑到广泛采用液氢的市场推动力，非常需要为将用于在其寿命期间将液氢安全地储存在机身上的加压容器建立合理的设计规则。这些使用复合材料制造的容器将长期暴露在尚未得到充分研究的不利环境条件下。低温循环对复合材料的基本纤维基质性能的影响是LH 2加压容器的长期结构性能中未解决的关键参数。复合材料的性能是由纤维和基体的特性以及在纤维-基体界面上传递应力的能力的组合产生的，纤维-基体界面是两个部件之间的纽带。纤维-基体界面的强度决定了有多少施加的应力可以转移到承载纤维上。该界面强度主要由纤维和基质紧密接触的程度以及在这些接触点处的粘附水平决定。由于纤维-基体界面在决定恶劣环境下复合材料的长期性能方面起着关键作用，因此，现在迫切需要对复合材料系统反复暴露于低温条件下对纤维-基体界面的影响进行基础研究。这反过来又将告知我们用于储存LH 2的复合材料压力容器的结构和密封性能的任何变化。随着我们从上一代源自化石燃料的高性能热固性聚合物发展而来，（例如环氧树脂），迈向新的可持续形式的树脂系统，（例如，生物衍生树脂、液体热塑性树脂和/或玻璃聚合物），迫切需要理解和优化这些系统的界面相互作用，同时将它们暴露在恶劣的环境中，预计它们将长期运行。这个实验性博士项目的目的是了解和量化当前一代树脂的纤维基质界面（例如环氧树脂）和纤维组合（例如玻璃/碳），用于LH 2加压容器。研究将涵盖调查在低温下对界面的影响，以及反复低温循环对纤维基质界面的影响。先进复合材料集团（ACG）已经开展了类似的工作。调查将包括微观（单纤维）和宏观机械测试结合热分析。还将探讨温度和湿度变化对模拟作业条件的影响。该项目的范围也可能扩大到包括下一代树脂系统，包括生物衍生和vitrimer系统，因为它们在该行业的未来重要性。