Investigation of the fibre-matrix interface for glass fibre & carbon fibre composites exposed to cryogenic loading and fatigue conditions.

玻璃纤维纤维-基体界面的研究

• 批准号: 2889289
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Strathclyde
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2889289
• 关键词: Investigation; fibre; matrix; interface; glass

Multiple sectors are currently evaluating the use of liquid hydrogen (LH2) as a key future energy source, with particular focus from the aerospace sector. Given the market impetus for wide adoption of LH2 there is significant need to establish rational design rules for the pressurised vessels that will be used to store LH2 safely on the airframe over its lifetime. These vessels, manufactured using composite materials, will be exposed to long-term adverse environmental conditions that have not yet been fully investigated. The effect of cryogenic cycling on the fundamental fibre-matrix performance of a composite material is an unaddressed and critical parameter in the long-term structural performance of LH2 pressurised vessels. Composite properties result from a combination of the characteristics of the fibre and the matrix as well as the ability to transfer stresses across the fibre-matrix interface, which acts as the link between the two components. The strength of the fibre-matrix interface determines how much of the applied stress can be transferred to the load-bearing fibres. This interfacial strength is largely determined by the degree to which the fibres and matrix are intimately contacted and the level of adhesion at those contact points. With the fibre-matrix interface playing a key role in defining the long-term performance of composites deployed in harsh environments, there is now an important need for fundamental studies of the effects that repeated exposure of a composite system to cryogenic conditions will have on the fibre-matrix interface. This in turn will inform us on any changes to the structural and sealing performance of a composite pressurised vessel used to store LH2. As we develop away from the last generation of high-performance thermoset polymers derived from fossil fuels, (e.g. epoxies), towards new sustainable forms of resin system, (e.g. bio-derived resins, liquid thermoplastic resins and/or vitrimers), there is a critical need to understand and optimise the interface interaction for these systems, whilst exposing them to the harsh environments that they will be expected to operate in long-term.The aim of this experimental PhD project is to understand and quantify the fibre-matrix interface for current generation resin (e.g. epoxy) and fibre combinations, (e.g. glass/carbon), utilised in LH2 pressurised vessels. Research would span investigating the effects on the interface whilst at cryogenic temperatures, as well as the effects of repeated cryogenic cycling on the fibre-matrix interface. Comparable work is already conducted within the Advanced Composites Group (ACG). The investigation would encompass micro- (single fibre) and macro-mechanical testing in combination with thermal analysis. The effect of variations in temperature and humidity to simulate operational conditions would also be explored. The scope of the project may also be expanded to include next-generation resin systems, including bio-derived and vitrimer systems, given their future importance in the sector.

目前，多个部门正在评估液氢（LH2）作为未来关键能源的使用，特别是航空航天部门。鉴于LH2广泛采用的市场动力，迫切需要建立合理的设计规则，用于在机体上安全存储LH2的压力容器。这些使用复合材料制造的容器将长期暴露在不利的环境条件下，这些条件尚未得到充分的调查。低温循环对复合材料纤维基基本性能的影响是影响LH2压力容器长期结构性能的一个尚未解决的关键参数。复合材料的性能是由纤维和基体的特性以及在纤维-基体界面上传递应力的能力共同决定的，而纤维-基体界面是两者之间的纽带。纤维-基体界面的强度决定了多少施加的应力可以转移到承重纤维上。这种界面强度在很大程度上取决于纤维和基体紧密接触的程度以及这些接触点上的粘附水平。由于纤维-基质界面在恶劣环境中对复合材料的长期性能起着关键作用，因此现在迫切需要对复合材料系统在低温条件下反复暴露对纤维-基质界面的影响进行基础研究。反过来，这将告知我们用于储存LH2的复合压力容器的结构和密封性能的任何变化。随着我们从化石燃料衍生的上一代高性能热固性聚合物（如环氧树脂）发展到新的可持续形式的树脂系统（如生物衍生树脂、液态热塑性树脂和/或玻璃体），迫切需要了解和优化这些系统的界面相互作用，同时将它们暴露在恶劣的环境中，它们将被期望长期运行。本实验博士项目的目的是了解和量化LH2压力容器中使用的当前一代树脂（例如环氧树脂）和纤维组合（例如玻璃/碳）的纤维基质界面。研究将包括在低温下对界面的影响，以及重复低温循环对纤维-基质界面的影响。先进复合材料集团（ACG）已经开展了类似的工作。调查将包括微观（单纤维）和宏观力学测试与热分析相结合。还将探讨温度和湿度变化对模拟操作条件的影响。考虑到下一代树脂系统在该领域的重要性，该项目的范围也可能扩大到下一代树脂系统，包括生物衍生和玻璃体系统。