Control of Urban and Peri-urban Culex Mosquitoes

城市和城郊库蚊的控制

• 批准号: 7228429
• 负责人: GREGORY C. LANZARO
• 金额: $ 71.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7228429
• 关键词: Adult; Affinity; Agriculture; Area; Arts; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Assay; California; Carrier Proteins; Characteristics; Chemicals; Class; Collection; County; Culex (Genus); Culicidae; Cytochrome P450; Detection; Development; Disease Vectors; Drug Formulations; Ecology; Electrophysiology (science); Emergency Situation; Encephalitis Viruses; Environment; Environmental Wind; Enzymes; Epidemic; Evaluation; Female; Genes; Goals; Individual; Industry; Insecticide Resistance; Insecticides; Invaded; Los Angeles; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Medical Surveillance; Metabolic; Metabolism; Methodology; Methods; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Molecular; Monitor; Oviposition; Pathway interactions; Patient currently pregnant; Permethrin; Pheromone; Physiological; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Population; Predisposition; Proteins; Protocols documentation; Pyrethrins; Rate; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Activity; Residual state; Resistance; Route; Rural; Sampling; Semiochemicals; Sensory Physiology; Site; South Africa; Specialist; St. Louis Encephalitis Virus; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Universities; Urban Population; Virus; Virus Diseases; West Nile virus; Western Equine Encephalomyelitis; Work; accelerator mass spectrometry; base; compare effectiveness; esterase; human disease; improved; multidisciplinary; novel; novel strategies; odorant-binding protein; prevent; programs; pyrethroid; resistance mechanism; tool; transmission process; vector; vector control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mosquitoes in the genus Culex are major vectors of human diseases throughout the world. In the U.S. Culex mosquitoes have been identified as the principal vectors of West Nile Virus (WNV). The research activities described in this proposal combine the expertise of medical entomologists, molecular biologists, chemical/behavioral ecologists and biochemists from the University of California, Davis and UC, Riverside campuses; operational specialists from the Coachella Valley, Greater Los Angeles, Merced County and Shasta County Mosquito and Vector Control Districts, and industry partners from the Bayer Environmental Science, Bedoukian Research and Syngenta corporations. The overall goal is to improve strategies to control Culex mosquitoes by modifying methods for the application of chemical insecticides, developing novel methods for monitoring metabolic resistance to these insecticides and the development of improved methods for trapping gravid Culex mosquitoes. This research is aimed at increasing our capacity to effectively manage Culex populations in the near term; not twenty years hence. Current emergency WNV control programs are focused largely on Culex and have had mixed results. They have failed to prevent virus transmission, and have brought into question the efficacy of current control strategies. Under Aim #1 we will provide a rigorous evaluation of conventional insecticide application methodologies and of a novel strategy involving the application of focused barrier treatments of vegetation in which host seeking Culex mosquitoes are known to congregate. Under Aim #2 we will develop methods to more accurately detect and qualitatively measure enzyme mediated pyrethroid insecticide resistance. We propose to achieve this by developing novel pyrethoid-like fluorescent substrates for detection of P450 mixed function oxidases and esterases in Culex mosquitoes. These new substrates are highly sensitive. They will be developed for microplate assays that are rapid and inexpensive, but produce highly quantitative and selective results for detecting pyrethroid P450 mixed function oxidase and esterase activity in individual mosquitoes. For the surveillance and integrated management of the vectors of WNV and other important viruses in urban and peri-urban environments, selective semiochemical-based mosquito traps are essential but current trapping technology demands much improvement. Under Aim #3 we will work to optimize trap efficacy through the development of better lures. Candidate attractants including a homochiral "oviposition attractant" will be evaluated and chemical prospecting for novel attractants will be conducted using state-of-the-art approaches. We will mount a multidisciplinary effort in which activity of potential lures will be assessed by sensory physiology (electrophysiology), flight observations (wind tunnel and videography) and a molecular approach based on affinity to a carrier protein (odorant binding protein).

描述（由申请人提供）：库蚊属蚊子是世界各地人类疾病的主要媒介。在美国，库蚊已被确定为西尼罗病毒（WNV）的主要载体。本提案中描述的研究活动结合了来自加州大学戴维斯分校和加州大学河滨分校的医学昆虫学家、分子生物学家、化学/行为生态学家和生物化学家的专业知识；来自科切拉谷、大洛杉矶、默塞德县和沙斯塔县蚊子和病媒控制区的运营专家，以及来自拜耳环境科学、贝都肯研究和先正达公司的行业合作伙伴。本研究的总体目标是通过改进化学杀虫剂的使用方法、开发新的监测化学杀虫剂代谢抗性的方法和开发改进的诱捕妊娠库蚊的方法来改进控制库蚊的策略。本研究旨在提高我们在短期内有效管理库蚊种群的能力；而不是二十年后。目前的西尼罗河病毒紧急控制规划主要集中在库蚊身上，结果好坏参半。它们未能阻止病毒传播，并使人们对当前控制策略的有效性产生了质疑。在目标#1下，我们将对传统的杀虫剂应用方法和一种新的策略进行严格的评估，该策略涉及对已知寻找库蚊宿主聚集的植被进行集中屏障处理。在目标#2下，我们将开发更准确地检测和定性测量酶介导的拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂抗性的方法。本研究拟开发新型拟除虫虫样荧光底物，用于库蚊P450混合功能氧化酶和酯酶的检测。这些新的衬底具有很高的灵敏度。它们将被开发用于快速和廉价的微孔板测定，但可产生高度定量和选择性的结果，用于检测蚊子个体中拟除虫菊酯P450混合功能氧化酶和酯酶活性。为了在城市和城郊环境中监测和综合管理西尼罗河病毒和其他重要病毒的媒介，选择性的基于半化学的蚊虫诱捕器是必不可少的，但目前的诱捕技术还有待改进。在目标3下，我们将通过开发更好的诱饵来优化诱捕器的功效。将评估候选引诱剂，包括同手性“产卵引诱剂”，并使用最先进的方法进行新引诱剂的化学勘探。我们将开展多学科合作，通过感觉生理学（电生理学）、飞行观察（风洞和录像）和基于与载体蛋白（气味结合蛋白）亲和力的分子方法来评估潜在诱饵的活动。

项目成果

Culex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) egg laying in traps loaded with Bacillus thuringiensis variety israelensis and baited with skatole.

• DOI: 10.1603/me09241
• 发表时间: 2010-05
• 期刊: Journal of medical entomology
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Barbosa RM;Regis L;Vasconcelos R;Leal WS
• 通讯作者: Leal WS

Genome analysis and expression patterns of odorant-binding proteins from the Southern House mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006237
• 发表时间: 2009-07-16
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Pelletier J;Leal WS
• 通讯作者: Leal WS

Evaluation of pyrethrin aerial ultra-low volume applications for adult Culex tarsalis control in the desert environments of the Coachella Valley, Riverside County, California.

对加利福尼亚州河滨县科切拉山谷沙漠环境中的跗库蚊成虫控制除虫菊酯空中超低剂量应用进行评估。

• DOI: 10.2987/5623.1
• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association
• 影响因子: 1
• 作者: Lothrop,Hugh;Lothrop,Branka;Palmer,Mark;Wheeler,Sarah;Gutierrez,Arturo;Miller,Patrick;Gomsi,Donald;Reisen,WilliamK
• 通讯作者: Reisen,WilliamK

Pheromone unwrapping by pH flip-flopping.

通过 pH 值翻转来解开信息素。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.08.001
• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Chemistry & biology.
• 作者: Leal,WalterS