Biodiversity and the Evolving Earth: New Data, New Methods, New Insights

生物多样性和不断演变的地球：新数据、新方法、新见解

• 批准号: 2889701
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2889701
• 关键词: Biodiversity; Evolving; Earth; New; Data

In this project, new computational tools will be developed and applied to understand what drives evolution of life and landscapes on Earth. We will examine how biodiversity is generated and how it relates to the evolution of topography. A key question we will address is: To what extent does topography and its history drive terrestrial biodiversity?Understanding the history of life on Earth and evolution of its topography has recently become significantly more tractable for three principal reasons. First, thanks to the efforts of the biological, palaeontological, and geochemical communities we now have access to gigabytes of information about nearly all life and many environmental processes that have ever been recorded on Earth. These inventories contain records acquired in more than 100years of scientific research. Detailed records of the proliferation and extinction of biota now exist for almost all of the Phanerozoic Eon. Secondly, nearly all of Earth's modern topography and environments have been mapped with metre-scale resolution. These data, combined with even more detailed mapping using drone technology, allow us to reconstruct Earth's topography and climate from individual riverbeds to continental scales. Finally, rapidadvances in understanding how to date, interpret and mathematically model biotic and landscape evolution, at least at large scales, have matched these advances in data acquisition and compilation. These observational and theoretical advances have changed the way we think about evolution, as well as longevity and preservation of geological and biological processes at a range of scales. It impacts our understanding of how life and landscapes respond to external processes, which is an important step towards reliably predicting the response of the solid Earth and biosphere to external pressures, such as climate change. However, we currently lack a framework that allows us to understand howprocesses operating at different spatial and temporal scales combine to generate Earth's history of life and topography. This project will address that problem, via new observations, and developing mathematical and computational tools to understand how physical, climatic and geochemical processes combine to generate topographic and biotic evolution on Earth.The project will suit an Earth scientist, biologist, macroecologist, physicist or applied mathematician who wants to work on a multidisciplinary project that will enable them to develop data analysis, computational and mathematical skills. They will be able to apply those skills to exciting problems at the interface between geology, biodiversity and ecology.

在这个项目中，将开发并应用新的计算工具，以了解是什么推动了地球上生命和景观的发展。我们将研究生物多样性的产生以及与地形的演变的关系。我们将要解决的一个关键问题是：地形及其历史在多大程度上推动了陆地生物多样性？了解地球上的生命历史以及其地形的进化最近出于三个主要原因而变得更加易于处理。首先，由于生物学，古生物学和地球化学社区的努力，我们现在可以获取有关几乎所有生命以及许多在地球上记录的环境过程的信息。这些库存包含在100年以上的科学研究中获得的记录。现在，几乎所有的phanerokoic Eon都存在生物群增殖和灭绝的详细记录。其次，几乎所有地球的现代地形和环境都以米花尺度的分辨率进行了映射。这些数据，再加上使用无人机技术的更详细的映射，使我们能够从单个河床到大陆尺度重建地球的地形和气候。最后，在理解如何约会，解释和数学上建模生物和景观演化的快速援助方面，至少在大规模上，在数据采集和汇编方面都与这些进步相匹配。这些观察性和理论进步改变了我们对进化的看法，以及在一系列规模的地质和生物过程中的寿命和保存。它影响了我们对生活和景观如何应对外部过程的理解，这是可靠地预测固体土和生物圈对外部压力（例如气候变化）的反应的重要一步。但是，我们目前缺乏一个框架，该框架使我们能够了解在不同的空间和时间尺度上使用的过程结合在一起，以产生地球的生活和地形历史。该项目将通过新的观察结果解决该问题，并开发数学和计算工具，以了解物理，气候和地球化学过程如何结合地球上的地形和生物进化。该项目将适合地球科学家，生物学家，宏观学家，物理学家，物理学家，物理学家或应用数学家，他们希望能够从事多学科项目，从而能够开发多学科项目，以开发数据和计算数据分析，计算数据分析，计算分析。他们将能够将这些技能应用于地质，生物多样性和生态学之间的界面上令人兴奋的问题。