Reactive Oxygen Species American Society of Nephrology Fall 2007

活性氧 美国肾脏病学会 2007 年秋季

• 批准号: 7407302
• 负责人: THOMAS L PALLONE
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-10-31 至 2008-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7407302
• 关键词: Aging; American; Apoptosis; Area; Ascorbic Acid; Atherosclerosis; Biological; Biology; Biomedical Research; Cells; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Detection; Enzymes; Fibrosis; Free Radical Scavenging; Free Radicals; Future; Generations; Goals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypertension; Hypochlorous Acid; Hypochlorous Acids; Inflammation; Kidney Diseases; Life; Lipids; Methods; Molecular Biology; NADPH Oxidase; Nephrology; Nitric Oxide; Nucleic Acids; Numbers; Oxygen; Plague; Protein Isoforms; Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Societies; Specificity; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Translating; catalase; chemical reaction; day; design; falls; interest; macromolecule; symposium

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Particularly throughout the last decade, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and the biology of free radicals have attracted great interest in the biomedical research community. This has led to an exponential increase in the number of studies focused on their role in cellular defense, cell signaling, apoptosis, aging, hypertension, atherosclerosis, oxygen sensing, inflammation and fibrosis. This area of research is particularly difficult because various ROS such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide are short lived molecules that react with proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and one another. This occurs within cellular microdomains through complex chemical reactions. Particularly difficult issues present themselves to investigators because methods for detection of ROS are plagued with problems of poor specificity. The molecular biology is also complex because cells have evolved much machinery dedicated to generation, conversion and consumption of ROS. These macromolecules include multiple isoforms of NADPH oxidases, superoxide dismutases, catalase and hemoxygenase. Furthermore, exogenous substances such as Vitamin C and D can act in concert with those cellular enzymes to scavenge free radicals. This conference has been designed to bring together world experts to provide talks that logically progress from definition of ROS to their detection, cellular machinery and various biological roles. Our general goal is to provide partial support for young scientists attending the juxtaposed American Society of Nephrology meeting to also attend this two day conference. Attendance of young scientists insures that the information will be translated into future studies that elucidate the role of ROS in kidney diseases and treatment thereof.

描述（由申请人提供）：特别是在过去的十年中，活性氧（ROS）和自由基生物学引起了生物医学研究界的极大兴趣。这导致关注其在细胞防御、细胞信号传导、细胞凋亡、衰老、高血压、动脉粥样硬化、氧传感、炎症和纤维化中作用的研究数量呈指数级增长。这一领域的研究尤其困难，因为各种活性氧（ROS，如超氧化物、过氧化氢、次氯酸、羟自由基和一氧化氮）都是寿命较短的分子，会与蛋白质、脂质、核酸等发生反应。这通过复杂的化学反应发生在细胞微域内。由于 ROS 检测方法存在特异性差的问题，因此研究人员遇到了特别困难的问题。分子生物学也很复杂，因为细胞已经进化出许多专门用于生成、转化和消耗 ROS 的机制。这些大分子包括 NADPH 氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和血氧合酶的多种亚型。此外，维生素 C 和 D 等外源物质可以与这些细胞酶协同作用，清除自由基。这次会议旨在汇集世界各地的专家，提供从 ROS 的定义到其检测、细胞机制和各种生物学作用的逻辑进展的演讲。我们的总体目标是为参加同期举行的美国肾脏病学会会议的年轻科学家提供部分支持，让他们也参加这为期两天的会议。年轻科学家的参与确保这些信息将转化为未来的研究，阐明 ROS 在肾脏疾病及其治疗中的作用。