Application of System Theoretic Process Analysis to understand safety requirements for a domestic robot

应用系统理论过程分析来了解家用机器人的安全要求

• 批准号: 2891071
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2891071
• 关键词: Application; System; Theoretic; Process; Analysis

Research Context Domestic robots can offer significant societal benefits by performing household tasks and providing assistance and care to end-users. However, their deployment could introduce new types of risks and/or lead to unintended consequences. To this end, this project investigates the safety requirements for domestic robots in everyday environments. Hence, it falls within EPSRC's Artificial Intelligence and robotics research area. As a starting point, the project will apply System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) to domestic robot applications. STPA is a technique to identify unsafe control actions and hazardous system states with the aim to generate detailed safety requirements to prevent the occurrence of the identified hazardous scenarios. STPA was developed at MIT more than a decade ago. Since its inception, it has been adopted in different industries including the automotive sector. In the past, STPA has been shown to be very effective in understanding emergent behaviors and complex interactions of novel products, improving on previous hazard analysis tools such as Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) by considering the context in which faults occur, identifying hazards that arise from component interactions instead of just single component failures. The System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) model is the causality model that underpins STPA. STAMP assumes a hierarchical safety control structure that allows inadequate enforcement of safety constraints on a processes behavior, in this case a domestic robots behavior, which leads to inadequate control which and when applied to the hazardous process results in a hazardous system state, which can lead to accidents occurring. This differs from conventional hazard analysis tools such as FTA, essentially saying accidents are caused by inadequate control, which can be prevented with suitable design requirements. Aims and Objectives The aim of this project is to strengthen the safety case for domestic robot applications. To do this, we aim to identify the high-level safety requirements that would apply to domestic robots through the application of STPA to domestic robot systems. Application scenarios might focus on representative tasks that a domestic robot might be expected to carry out, which demonstrate fundamental capability requirements of such as system, such as robot navigation, perception, manipulation, etc. In this context, STPA will be used to complement risk assessments based on safety measures. A particular focus will be on the operation of robots in open-ended, dynamic environments, with additional effort to show research products deployed on actual robot systems performing representative tasks. Novelty of the research methodologyThere have been few instances where the STPA method has been applied to domestic robots [1]. Since the time of writing, the field of robotics has seen considerable progress, including the development of legged robots that enable a wider range of applications scenarios. Previous applications of STPA tended to stay at a high level of abstraction, not delving into specific algorithms, and lacked examples of the method being used on real hardware. This project aims to address these limitations and explore how to combine STPA and STAMP with emerging areas of robotics research, such as causal inference. Companies and collaborators - Supervisor: Dr. Lars Kunze - Companies: Dyson Technology References [1] E. Mitka and S. G. Mouroutsos, "Applying the stamp system safety engineering methodology to the design of a domestic robot," 2015.

家用机器人可以通过执行家务并为最终用户提供帮助和护理来提供显着的社会效益。然而，部署这些武器可能会带来新的风险和/或导致意外后果。为此，该项目研究了日常环境中家用机器人的安全要求。因此，它属于EPSRC的人工智能和机器人研究领域的福尔斯。 作为起点，该项目将把系统理论过程分析（STPA）应用于家用机器人应用。STPA是一种识别不安全控制行为和危险系统状态的技术，旨在生成详细的安全要求，以防止已识别的危险场景的发生。STPA是十多年前在麻省理工学院开发的。自成立以来，它已被包括汽车行业在内的不同行业所采用。在过去，STPA已被证明是非常有效的理解新兴的行为和复杂的相互作用的新产品，改善了以前的危险分析工具，如故障树分析（FTA），考虑故障发生的背景下，识别危险，从组件的相互作用，而不仅仅是单一的组件故障。系统理论事故模型和过程（STAMP）模型是支撑STPA的因果关系模型。STAMP假设一个分层的安全控制结构，允许对过程行为的安全约束的不充分执行，在这种情况下，是一个家庭机器人的行为，这导致不充分的控制，当应用于危险的过程时，会导致危险的系统状态，这可能会导致事故发生。这与传统的危险分析工具（如FTA）不同，FTA本质上说事故是由控制不足引起的，可以通过适当的设计要求来预防。 目的和目标本项目的目的是加强家用机器人应用的安全案例。为此，我们的目标是通过将STPA应用于家用机器人系统来确定适用于家用机器人的高级别安全要求。应用场景可能会集中在代表性的任务，国内机器人可能会被期望进行，这表明基本的能力要求，如系统，如机器人导航，感知，操作等，在这种情况下，STPA将被用来补充风险评估的基础上的安全措施。一个特别的重点将是机器人在开放的，动态的环境中的操作，与额外的努力，以显示在实际的机器人系统执行代表性的任务部署的研究产品。 研究方法的新奇很少有STPA方法应用于家用机器人的实例[1]。自撰写本文以来，机器人领域已经取得了长足的进步，包括腿式机器人的发展，使其能够实现更广泛的应用场景。以前的STPA应用往往停留在一个高的抽象层次上，没有深入研究特定的算法，并且缺乏在真实的硬件上使用该方法的例子。该项目旨在解决这些局限性，并探索如何将联合收割机STPA和STAMP与机器人研究的新兴领域（如因果推理）结合起来。公司和合作者-主管：Lars Kunze博士-公司：Dyson Technology参考资料[1] E. Mitka和S. G. Mouroutsos，“将邮票系统安全工程方法应用于家用机器人的设计”，2015年。