Nanoscale quantum physics and quantum information processing with semiconductor quantum dots

纳米量子物理与半导体量子点的量子信息处理

• 批准号: 2891758
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2891758
• 关键词: Nanoscale; quantum; physics; information; processing

This is an experimental research project in the areas of fundamental semiconductor physics and applied quantum technologies. Semiconductor quantum dots, known as artificial atoms, are nanometer-sized semiconductor crystals capable of trapping individual electrons. These nanostructures have a great promise for the development of a new generation of quantum computing and communication devices. The quantised magnetic (spin) states of the electrons can store and process quantum information with efficiency inaccessible to any classical digital computer. The well-developed semiconductor technologies and the small size of the quantum dots offer pathways to large-scale integrated quantum circuits. Recent breakthroughs in semiconductor nanotechnology resulted in development of a new generation of quantum dots, where reduced internal strain enables quantum information processing not only with electrons but also with subatomic magnetic states of the crystal lattice. The initial aim of this project will be to explore the fundamental physics of quantum coherence and entanglement. This will be followed by the development of prototype quantum computing protocols and devices. The work will be conducted in a state-of-the-art experimental laboratory equipped with modern cryogenic systems, superconducting high-field magnets, lasers, optical and radio-electronic equipment. This project involves a wide range of transferable skills in the areas of opto-electronic engineering, data analysis, automation and control systems, numerical modelling, and semiconductor fabrication technology. The results of this research will be published in open-access research literature and presented at international conferences.

这是一个基础半导体物理和应用量子技术领域的实验研究项目。半导体量子点，被称为人造原子，是纳米尺寸的半导体晶体，能够捕获单个电子。这些纳米结构对于开发新一代量子计算和通信设备具有巨大的前景。电子的量子化磁（自旋）态可以存储和处理量子信息，其效率是任何经典数字计算机都无法达到的。成熟的半导体技术和量子点的小尺寸为大规模集成量子电路提供了途径。半导体纳米技术的最新突破导致了新一代量子点的发展，其中减少的内部应变使量子信息处理不仅与电子，而且与晶格的亚原子磁性状态。该项目的最初目标是探索量子相干和纠缠的基本物理学。随后将开发原型量子计算协议和设备。这项工作将在一个配备有现代低温系统、超导高场磁体、激光、光学和无线电电子设备的最先进的实验室中进行。该项目涉及光电工程，数据分析，自动化和控制系统，数值建模和半导体制造技术等领域的广泛可转移技能。这项研究的结果将发表在开放获取的研究文献中，并在国际会议上发表。