Henrietta Maria: Generalissima, Queen Consort and Terror of Parliament

亨利埃塔·玛丽亚：大元帅、王后和议会的恐怖

• 批准号: 2893602
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Nottingham Trent University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2893602
• 关键词: Henrietta; Maria; Generalissima; Queen; Consort

Following the passing of Queen Elizabeth II, Britain now has a queen-consort for the first time in overseventy years, whose role attracts considerable interest and political controversy. Attitudes towards thequeen-consort are deeply rooted in gendered perceptions about women's authority and right to power aswell as suspicions about the potential sexual influence wielded by a wife over her husband. Historically,queen-consorts have become focal points for public debate, criticism, and social, political and economicunrest. My project will revise our historical understanding of queen-consorts by examining the case studyof Queen Henrietta Maria, wife of King Charles I. My MA thesis, a comparative analysis of Henrietta Mariaand Marie Antoinette, determined that revolutionary ideology and enlightenment philosophy createdincreasingly misogynistic societal expectations for women, impacting on female agency. Exploring theexperiences of Henrietta Maria as queen-consort to an unpopular king, Henrietta Maria played strongpolitical and military roles in the British Civil Wars alongside noble contemporaries like MargaretCavendish and lady Mary Bankes, yet her significance in this respect has often been overlooked.Currently the two main studies on Henrietta Maria focused on a traditional biographical approach, (Bone,1972; Pearce, 2018) but they fail to contextualise Henrietta by placing her into the wider narrative ofearly modern revolution. More general studies, such as that of Hufton on female peasantry, contextualisewomen in the revolutionary period more successfully but usually focus only on the experiences of lowerto middle class people, ignoring the nobility such as Henrietta Maria (Hufton, 1971). My proposed thesiswill address this gap by:Bringing the experiences of Henrietta Maria to the forefront of Civil War historiography.Examining the roles of queen-consorts and the impact of revolutionary ideology on gender7 / 23expectations and women's societal functions.Establishing the political and administrative impact of Henrietta Maria's queenship, her military andpolitical strength throughout the Civil Wars, and determining the extent to which Parliament saw her as alegitimate threat.Evaluating to what extent Henrietta Maria's immense unpopularity was influenced by her roles asqueen-consort and shifts in contemporary gender expectations.To address these research questions, this interdisciplinary project will employ a range of methodologies.The source base consists largely of letters penned by the queen consort and will draw upon theepistolary approach set out by Daybell and Hobby. They have established a convincing framework forutilising the writing patterns, grammar, and format of letters from the period (Daybell, 2010; Hobby,1989). The other written sources; parliamentary papers, pamphlets and treaties, require a moretraditional, qualitative approach combined with a thorough understanding of the idiosyncrasies attachedto each genre. As space and patronage were key elements of Henrietta Maria's courtly display of power,an art/architectural history approach must also be employed. This will involve looking not only at floorplans of the royal palaces in which Henrietta Maria resided (the Louvre and Hampton Court) but also atthe fortifications she utilised in the civil war in order to better understand her role as a general.

伊丽莎白二世去世后，英国70多年来第一次有了一位女王配偶，她的角色引起了相当大的兴趣和政治争议。对王后的态度深深植根于对妇女权威和权力的性别观念，以及对妻子对其丈夫潜在的性影响的怀疑。从历史上看，王后-配偶成为公众辩论、批评以及社会、政治和经济动荡的焦点。我的项目将通过考察查理一世的妻子亨里埃塔玛丽亚王后的案例研究来修正我们对王后的历史理解。我的硕士论文是对亨里埃塔玛丽亚和玛丽安托瓦内特的比较分析，它确定了革命意识形态和启蒙哲学对女性产生了越来越多的厌恶女性的社会期望，影响了女性的能动性。亨里埃塔·玛丽亚是一位不受欢迎的国王的王后，她在英国内战中与卡文迪什和玛丽·班克斯女士等贵族一起发挥了强大的政治和军事作用，但她在这方面的重要性往往被忽视。目前，对亨里埃塔·玛丽亚的两个主要研究集中在传统的传记方法上，（Bone，1972;皮尔斯，2018）但他们未能将亨里埃塔置于更广泛的现代革命叙事中。更多的一般性研究，如Hufton对女性农民的研究，更成功地将革命时期的妇女置于背景中，但通常只关注中低阶层人民的经历，忽视了贵族，如亨里埃塔玛丽亚（Hufton，1971）。我提出的论文将通过以下方式解决这一差距：将亨里埃塔玛丽亚的经历带到内战历史编纂的前沿。研究王后-配偶的角色以及革命意识形态对性别期望和妇女社会功能的影响。确定亨里埃塔玛丽亚的王后身份的政治和行政影响，她在内战期间的军事和政治实力，并确定议会将她视为合法威胁的程度。评估亨里埃塔玛丽亚的巨大不受欢迎程度在多大程度上受到她作为王后-配偶的角色和当代性别期望变化的影响。为了解决这些研究问题，这个跨学科的项目将采用一系列的方法。2资料库主要由王后的书信组成，并将借鉴戴贝尔和霍比提出的书信体方法。他们已经建立了一个令人信服的框架，利用写作模式，语法，以及该时期信件的格式（Daybell，2010; Hobby，1989）。其他书面来源;议会文件、小册子和条约，需要一种更传统的定性方法，并结合对每种类型的特性的透彻理解。由于空间和赞助是亨里埃塔玛丽亚宫廷式展示权力的关键因素，因此还必须采用艺术/建筑史的方法。这将涉及不仅要看亨里埃塔玛丽亚居住的皇家宫殿的平面图（卢浮宫和汉普顿宫），还要看她在内战中使用的防御工事，以便更好地理解她作为将军的角色。