The application of generative design to electrical motor topologies

传统的电动机依靠洛伦兹力产生的扭矩，通过将定子和转子（用永磁体或绕组）磁化，然后旋转两个磁场中的一个，使转子旋转。现代电机的发展往往试图利用磁阻转矩和传统的电磁转矩。磁阻转矩是由麦克斯韦力引起的，麦克斯韦力的作用是最小化磁体磁通路径中的磁阻，并通过电机的直轴和正交轴之间的磁阻差异来利用。然而，磁阻转矩电机需要更复杂的铁制设计，这反过来往往更难以制造。结合两种类型的扭矩，例如在IPMSM（插入式永磁同步电机）中，可以产生最大扭矩密集的电机。这种融合通常是通过设计转子的拓扑结构来实现的，包括插入永磁体，同时保持直接轴和正交轴之间的磁阻差异。这进一步使设计问题复杂化，超出了纯磁阻电机的设计问题，因此可以映射设计空间的方法将提高生产利用两种类型扭矩的电机的能力。

Traditional electrical motors rely on torque produced through the Lorentz force by magnetising the stator and the rotor (either with permanent magnets or windings) and then rotating one of the two fields, causing the rotor to spin. Modern motor development often tries to utilise reluctance torque along-side the traditional electromagnetic torque. Reluctance torque is caused by Maxwell's force which acts to minimise the reluctance in a magnet's flux path and is utilised through differences in reluctances between a motor's direct and quadrature axes. Reluctance torque motors, however, require more complex iron-work design, which is in turn often more difficult to manufacture. Combining both types of torque, such as in an IPMSM (Inset Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) can result in the most torque dense motors possible. This fusion is often achieved by designing the rotor's topology to include inset permanent magnets whilst maintaining the reluctance differences between the direct and quadrature axes. This further complicates the design problem beyond that of a pure reluctance motor and as such methods where the design space can be mapped would increase the ability to produce motors that utilise both types of torque.