The application of generative design to electrical motor topologies

传统的电动机依靠洛伦兹力产生的扭矩，通过磁化定子和转子（用永磁体或绕组），然后旋转两个磁场中的一个，使转子旋转。现代电机的发展往往试图利用磁阻转矩与传统的电磁转矩。磁阻转矩是由麦克斯韦力引起的，其作用是使磁体的磁通路径中的磁阻最小化，并且通过电机的直轴和交轴之间的磁阻差来利用。然而，磁阻转矩电机需要更复杂的铁件设计，这反过来又往往更难以制造。将这两种类型的扭矩结合起来，例如在IPMSM（嵌入式永磁同步电机）中，可以产生最大扭矩密度的电机。这种融合通常是通过设计转子的拓扑结构来实现的，以包括嵌入式永磁体，同时保持直轴和交轴之间的磁阻差。这进一步使设计问题复杂化，超出了纯磁阻电动机的设计问题，因此，可以映射设计空间的这种方法将增加生产利用两种类型的扭矩的电动机的能力。

Traditional electrical motors rely on torque produced through the Lorentz force by magnetising the stator and the rotor (either with permanent magnets or windings) and then rotating one of the two fields, causing the rotor to spin. Modern motor development often tries to utilise reluctance torque along-side the traditional electromagnetic torque. Reluctance torque is caused by Maxwell's force which acts to minimise the reluctance in a magnet's flux path and is utilised through differences in reluctances between a motor's direct and quadrature axes. Reluctance torque motors, however, require more complex iron-work design, which is in turn often more difficult to manufacture. Combining both types of torque, such as in an IPMSM (Inset Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) can result in the most torque dense motors possible. This fusion is often achieved by designing the rotor's topology to include inset permanent magnets whilst maintaining the reluctance differences between the direct and quadrature axes. This further complicates the design problem beyond that of a pure reluctance motor and as such methods where the design space can be mapped would increase the ability to produce motors that utilise both types of torque.