Staying Safe: Long-Term IDUs Who Avoided HIV & HCV

保持安全：避免艾滋病毒的长期注射吸毒者

• 批准号: 7074581
• 负责人: SAMUEL R FRIEDMAN
• 金额: $ 61.28万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7074581
• 关键词: HIV infections; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; data collection methodology /evaluation; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder prevention /control; drug /alcohol abstinence; focus groups; hepatitis C virus; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; interview; intravenous drug abuse; questionnaires; socioeconomics; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We are more than 20 years into the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Although much is known about event-specific behaviors and contexts that facilitate HIV and HCV transmission among injecting drug users (IDUs), we know very little about the mechanisms by which many long-time IDUs have managed to remain uninfected with either virus. Given the psychological, behavioral and social problems and chaotic lives that drug injectors often face, and the ways in which these may predispose them to engage in risky behaviors in high-risk settings, it is a puzzle how some nonetheless remain uninfected over the long term. We aim to discover strategies, resources, practices, and prevention tactics that help IDUs to remain uninfected, as well as the obstacles they face and the ways in which they overcome these obstacles. We will do this by conducting detailed life history interviews with 80 long-term current IDUs who fall into two distinct categories by infection status: (1) Doubly uninfected who are both HIV- and HCV-antibody negative; and (2) Doubly infected who are positive for both viruses. Qualitative analyses will compare and contrast the life histories of IDUs in these categories to discover how they differ in terms of strategies, socioeconomic resources, use of drug treatment and other services, and approaches to risk and risk-avoidance. Person-centered quantitative analysis methods will be used to discover additional differences between the life pathways of the two groups. We will also develop and assess a questionnaire module to measure concepts that emerge as important. This will facilitate 3 new areas of related research: 1. Epidemiologic verification; 2. Development and evaluation of prevention programs based on project findings; and 3. Etiologic research to determine physiological, psychological and social causal factors that make some IDUs more likely to implement strategies that offer a degree of long term protection from infection. This project will provide the conceptual basis for developing a new generation of HIV and HCV prevention programs to assist IDUs who are unable to quit injecting to develop strategies to avoid infection over the long run and to make better use of existing forms of prevention and treatment.

描述(由申请人提供)： 我们已经进入艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行的20多年了。尽管人们对促进艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒在注射吸毒者(IDU)中传播的事件特异性行为和背景了解很多，但我们对许多长期吸毒者设法保持不感染这两种病毒的机制知之甚少。考虑到注射吸毒者经常面临的心理、行为和社会问题以及混乱的生活，以及这些问题可能使他们在高风险环境中从事危险行为的方式，一些人如何长期保持不受感染是一个谜。我们的目标是发现帮助注射吸毒者保持未感染的战略、资源、做法和预防策略，以及他们面临的障碍和克服这些障碍的方式。为此，我们将对80名长期的当前注射吸毒者进行详细的生活史访谈，他们按感染状况分为两类：(1)艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎抗体均阴性的双重未感染者；(2)两种病毒均阳性的双重感染者。定性分析将比较和对比这些类别的注射吸毒者的生活史，以发现它们在战略、社会经济资源、药物治疗和其他服务的使用以及风险和规避方法方面的不同之处。以人为中心的定量分析方法将被用来发现两组人的生活道路之间的其他差异。我们还将开发和评估问卷模块，以衡量出现的重要概念。这将促进相关研究的三个新领域：1.流行病学验证；2.基于项目结果的预防计划的开发和评估；3.病因学研究，以确定生理、心理和社会原因，使一些注射吸毒者更有可能实施战略，提供一定程度的长期保护，免受感染。 该项目将为制定新一代艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎预防方案提供概念基础，以帮助无法停止注射的注射吸毒者制定长期避免感染的策略，并更好地利用现有的预防和治疗形式。