Health Behavior Research: Minority Pediatric Populations

描述（由申请人提供）：该培训计划的主要目的是为儿童健康行为研究领域的独立研究人员的学术生涯做好准备，重点是少数民族人群。该培训项目提供系统的博士前和博士后研究培训，涉及儿童和青少年慢性疾病（如糖尿病、镰状细胞病、哮喘和艾滋病毒感染）的病因、预防、诊断、治疗和预后的行为和社会心理因素。这项工作的主要重点是了解与少数民族青年，特别是西班牙裔、非裔美国人和海地裔美国人背景的疾病过程和健康结果相关的行为和心理社会因素。在很大程度上，培训将与NIH和私人基金会的一些外部资助密切协调，包括糖尿病儿童和青少年的行为和神经发育研究（NIDDK）；患有艾滋病的儿童（儿科艾滋病临床试验组，Ryan White Title I和Title IV示范项目）和镰状细胞病（羟基ruea和骨髓移植结局的多中心试验，NHLBI）；对接受脑癌治疗的儿童进行教育干预（美国癌症协会）；围产期药物暴露与儿童发育（NIDA）；以及暴力暴露对健康行为影响的研究。我们的研究主要集中在少数民族儿童、青少年及其家庭中行为因素在慢性病的发病、病程和管理中的作用。研究人群可以通过儿科随时获得。受训者将接受教师的指导，并参加以慢性病、研究设计和数据分析、伦理、多元文化问题和专业写作（包括手稿准备和拨款申请）为重点的研讨会。虽然博士前和博士后阶段的重点都在研究上，但教学培训包括高级统计学、儿科医学疾病干预、神经心理学、流行病学和慢性病、研究设计、伦理和文化因素方面的专门研讨会等多种课程。该培训项目是由心理学系、儿科系、流行病学与公共卫生系和医学系的教师共同努力的成果，致力于培养健康行为研究方面的心理学研究生和博士后。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The major purpose of this training program is to prepare individuals for academic careers as independent researchers in the field of pediatric health behavior research, with an emphasis on minority populations. The training program provides systematic predoctoral and postdoctoral research training into the behavioral and psychosocial factors involved in the etiology, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of children and adolescents with chronic diseases (including e.g., diabetes, sickle cell disease, asthma, and HIV infection). A major emphasis of this work is on understanding behavioral and psychosocial factors in relation to disease processes and health outcomes in ethnic minority youth, especially those of Hispanic, African American, and Haitian American backgrounds. To a large extent training will be closely coordinated with several extramurally funded NIH and private foundation grants, including behavioral and neurodevelopmental studies of children and adolescents with diabetes (NIDDK); children with HIV (Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group, Ryan White Title I and Title IV demonstration projects) and sickle cell disease (multi-center trials of outcomes of hydroxyruea and bone marrow transplantation, NHLBI); educational intervention for children treated for brain cancer (American Cancer Society); perinatal drug exposure and child development (NIDA); and studies of the health behavior effects of violence exposure. Much of our research focuses upon the role of behavioral factors in the onset, course, and management of chronic disease in ethnic minority children, adolescents, and their families. Research populations are readily available through the Department of Pediatrics. Trainees receive mentoring by faculty members, and seminars focused on chronic illness, research design and data analysis, ethics, multicultural issues, and professional writing, including manuscript preparation and grant applications. Although emphasis at both the pre- and postdoctoral level is upon research, the didactic training available includes multiple courses in advanced statistics, interventions in pediatric medical disorders, neuropsychology, epidemiology, and specialized seminars in chronic illness, research design, ethics, and cultural factors. This training program represents a coordinated effort of faculty from the Departments of Psychology, Pediatrics, Epidemiology and Public Health, and Medicine, committed to training of psychology graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in health behavior research.