Family Organization and Child Well-being in Southern Africa

南部非洲的家庭组织和儿童福祉

• 批准号: 7197574
• 负责人: Susan E Short
• 金额: $ 7.91万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7197574
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Affect; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Attention; Caregivers; Caring; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Child; Child Care; Classification; Country; Data; Death Rate; Demographic Survey; Depth; Disadvantaged; Education; Enrollment; Epidemic; Extended Family; Family; Gender; Gender Role; Goals; HIV; Happiness; Household; Household and Family; Individual; International; Interview; Learning; Lesotho; Life; Link; Literature; Living Arrangement; Orphan; Outcome; Participant; Play; Range; Relative (related person); Research; Resources; Role; Sampling; School Enrollments; Schools; Southern Africa; Surveys; System; UNICEF; Variant; Work; child well being; experience; middle age; nutrition; residence; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project focuses on the impact of HIV/AIDS on children, families, and households in Southern Africa, the region of the world most affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In Southern Africa over 20% of adults 15-49 are infected with HIV and over 15% of children less than 18 are orphans (UNICEF 2004). Although reasons for parental death vary, the primary cause of parental death in most Southern African countries is AIDS, and AIDS as a cause of death is growing in this region. Concern for the well being of children has emerged because recent research suggests that children who experience parental death are on average disadvantaged relative to other children. However, two critical questions remain unanswered: 1) what accounts for this difference among orphans and non-orphans? And, 2 what are the factors that ameliorate or exacerbate child disadvantage? Our ability to answer these and related questions is severely constrained because we know little about who children live with, why they live where they do, and the range of social connections they have to adults within and beyond the household. Yet, these factors are critical to child outcomes. This study will describe children's living arrangements, explore the mechanisms connecting living arrangements and child outcomes, and analyze the relationship between living arrangements and one specific child outcome, child schooling, in each case attending to the role of orphan status, parental residence, gender, and kin and non-kin connections within and beyond the household. The proposed research is unique among studies in Southern Africa for its combination of detailed qualitative data and nationally representative survey data. The qualitative data, which were collected during extended residence by the PI in village Lesotho, include participant observation and 124 in-depth interviews with caregivers, children, and key informants. The survey data, from the 2001 Lesotho Demographic Survey, offer a sample of 29,000 children 0-16 years. The specific aims of this project are to: (1) describe children's living arrangements, and reasons for these arrangements, emphasizing orphan status, parental residence, kinship, and gender. (2) Explore the mechanisms linking orphan status, living arrangements, and child outcomes. (3) analyze the relationship between orphan status, living arrangements, and child schooling.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的重点是艾滋病毒/艾滋病对儿童，家庭和家庭在南部非洲，世界上受艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病影响最严重的地区的影响。在南部非洲，超过20%的15-49岁成年人感染了艾滋病毒，超过15%的18岁以下儿童是孤儿（儿童基金会，2004年）。虽然父母死亡的原因各不相同，但在大多数南部非洲国家，父母死亡的主要原因是艾滋病，而且艾滋病作为一种死亡原因在该区域日益增加。对儿童福祉的关注已经出现，因为最近的研究表明，经历父母死亡的儿童平均而言相对于其他儿童处于不利地位。然而，两个关键问题仍然没有答案：1）是什么造成了孤儿和非孤儿之间的这种差异？什么因素会改善或加剧儿童的不利处境？我们回答这些问题和相关问题的能力受到严重限制，因为我们对孩子和谁住在一起，为什么他们住在哪里，以及他们在家庭内外与成年人的社会联系范围知之甚少。然而，这些因素对儿童的结果至关重要。这项研究将描述儿童的生活安排，探讨生活安排和儿童结果之间的联系机制，并分析生活安排和一个具体的儿童结果，儿童上学之间的关系，在每一种情况下，照顾到孤儿地位，父母的住所，性别，家庭内外的亲属和非亲属关系的作用。拟议的研究在南部非洲的研究中是独一无二的，因为它结合了详细的定性数据和具有全国代表性的调查数据。定性数据，这是由PI在莱索托村长期居住期间收集的，包括参与者观察和124个深入访谈的照顾者，儿童和关键的线人。调查数据来自2001年莱索托人口调查，提供了29 000名0-16岁儿童的样本。该项目的具体目标是：（1）描述儿童的生活安排，以及这些安排的原因，强调孤儿身份、父母住所、亲属关系和性别。(2)探索孤儿身份、生活安排和儿童结局之间的联系机制。(3)分析孤儿身份、生活安排和儿童教育之间的关系。