Encoding of behaviorally relevant olfactory stimuli

行为相关嗅觉刺激的编码

• 批准号: 7213793
• 负责人: Zhihua Zou
• 金额: $ 7.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-04 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7213793
• 关键词: Afferent Neurons; Aggressive behavior; Animal Behavior; Autistic Disorder; Beddings; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Chemicals; Code; Cyclic AMP Response Element; Detection; Drug Addiction; Endocrine; FOS gene; Family; Feeding behaviors; Felis catus; Female; Food; Foxes; Fright; Future; Genes; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Human; In Situ Hybridization; Individual; Instinct; Knowledge; Label; Mammals; Maternal Behavior; Mediating; Messenger RNA; Methods; Molecular; Mus; Neural Pathways; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurons; Nose; Numbers; Odorant Receptors; Odors; Olfactory Epithelium; Perception; Pheromone; Pheromone Receptors; Proteins; Receptor Signaling; Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV); Relative (related person); Reporter; Reproductive Behavior; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Role; Route; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Stereotyping; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Testing; Tissues; Transgenic Mice; Translating; Universities; laser capture microdissection; male; neural circuit; olfactory bulb; olfactory stimulus; permanent cell line; promoter; receptor; relating to nervous system; response; sex; social; vomeronasal organ

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mammals have evolved dual olfactory systems to detect a vast number of odorants as well as pheromones, and to translate chemical information into diverse perceptions and distinct behaviors. Recent studies have shown that both the main and the accessory olfactory systems are involved in detecting both general odors and pheromones, but the distinct roles of each system in mediating different olfactory behaviors remain to be characterized. In addition, despite considerable progress in understanding odor detection, sensory transduction and information coding in both systems, neither the odor stimuli that elicit distinct olfactory behaviors nor the brain neural pathways that mediate odor-specific neural and endocrine responses have been clearly defined. This proposal will develop molecular techniques to identify odorant or pheromone receptors activated by behaviorally relevant olfactory stimuli to test the hypothesis that biologically significant olfactory stimuli are detected by distinct subsets of odorant or pheromone receptors. Identification of behaviorally-activated receptors will allow future studies to: 1) screen different odor fractions and individual odor components to reveal the identity of biologically significant olfactory stimuli, 2) dissect the relative roles of the two olfactory systems in regulating specific olfactory behaviors, and 3) characterize how signals from these receptors are routed in the brain to regulate distinct behaviors. Many olfactory behaviors are robust and stereotyped, and the neural circuits mediating these behavioral responses are largely genetically determined. Knowledge of the neuronal substrates mediating these innate behaviors will aid our understanding of normal human behavior as well as neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, schizophrenia and drug addiction.

描述（由申请人提供）：哺乳动物已经进化出双重嗅觉系统，以检测大量的气味以及信息素，并将化学信息转化为不同的感知和不同的行为。最近的研究表明，主嗅觉系统和辅助嗅觉系统都参与了对一般气味和信息素的检测，但每个系统在介导不同的嗅觉行为中的不同作用仍有待于表征。此外，尽管在理解这两个系统中的气味检测、感觉传导和信息编码方面取得了相当大的进展，但无论是引起不同嗅觉行为的气味刺激，还是介导气味特异性神经和内分泌反应的脑神经通路都没有明确定义。这项建议将开发分子技术，以确定气味或信息素受体激活的行为相关的嗅觉刺激，以测试的假设，即生物学上重要的嗅觉刺激检测的气味或信息素受体的不同子集。行为激活受体的识别将允许未来的研究：1）筛选不同的气味组分和单个气味组分，以揭示具有生物学意义的嗅觉刺激的身份，2）剖析两个嗅觉系统在调节特定嗅觉行为中的相对作用，以及3）表征来自这些受体的信号如何在大脑中路由以调节不同的行为。许多嗅觉行为是稳健和刻板的，调节这些行为反应的神经回路在很大程度上是由遗传决定的。了解神经元基质介导这些先天行为将有助于我们理解正常的人类行为以及神经发育障碍，如自闭症，精神分裂症和药物成瘾。