Development of HBMIM model for 3D automatic monitoring of heritage buildings

文物建筑3D自动监测HBMIM模型开发

• 批准号: 2906684
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2906684
• 关键词: Development; HBMIM; model; 3D; automatic

Abstract The conservation and preservation of heritage buildings has not only been an issue to the UK but to other countries, where historical legacy is embedded and accumulated into buildings or sites that play an important role in keeping up with a national value. Preserving historic buildings or sites is not always as simple as reparation works being carried out for the buildings. It is vital to understanding how it was constructed and what construction methods were used prior to determining the methodological approach to the restoration of them when needed. In addition, interrogating the properties of material used to construct the buildings is also important as it should be noted that buildings are not just static but also responds to what surrounds them; air movement, physical forces, weather, temperature, expansion and contraction, variation of ground conditions and so on.None of heritage buildings are the same in terms of age, use, construction methods, material, architectural styles, significance and accessibility. Many of them lack written records which wouldhave been a good tool to maintaining them to a healthy standard. It has become essential to acquire and build up as many data as possible, which can be used to find out a best way of monitoring and preserving heritage buildings.The question is how the data can be obtained, coordinated and ultimately stored in a system which in return can be used for monitoring and preserving historic buildings.Installing physical sensors is not an ideal solution any longer as more values have been put on the significance of appearances of heritage buildings. Hence, various imaging techniques that can realize three-dimensional shapes remotely or without physical presence of sensors will need to be in place. 3D laser scanning and imaging capture process are a well-developed technology to be used in this study, realising the detailed 3D shape of the Heritage Building as well as the detailed shape of the Heritage Buildings. These three-dimensional digital imaging techniques can be used for non-contact monitoring as well as restoration in the event of damage to heritage buildingsContext & Research MethodsA building itself needs to be realised not in a 2D but a 3D form to be able to monitor any deformation, movement or damages caused by various reasons. Identifying the causes would be the first step to take. A laser scanning system is necessary to realise the three-dimensional shape of the heritage building with high accuracy. It is noted that the research group in University of Liverpool has the FARO S+150 scanner, which can provide the most important data for building the HBMIM model in this study. It also make it possible to measure the dynamic behaviour of a heritage building along with the use ofa camera capable of supplementing the technology. A three-dimensional point cloud obtained by laser scanning, three-dimensional thermography obtained by an infrared thermal camera, and a three-dimensional digital image obtained by a drone will be the raw data used in this project. The data will form a basis to develop a platform that can monitor and detect deformation taking place in various areas in heritage buildings.A building is vulnerable to forces affecting its standing and resistance to them often brings back damages to itself. There was a research carried out by a group of researchers including the nominated supervisor, Dr. Seo about "Deformation measurement of a soil mixing retaining wall using terrestrial laser scanning". It aimed at monitoring lateral movement of the ground against retaining walls. Lateral deformations were monitored regularly by laser scanning and the spatial data of a large area were acquired at fine resolutions. This paper attempted to apply the laser scanningtechnology to measure the lateral deformations of a soil mixing retaining wall at an excavation site in construct

遗产建筑的保护和保存不仅是英国的问题，也是其他国家的问题，在这些国家，历史遗产被嵌入并积累到建筑物或遗址中，在保持国家价值方面发挥着重要作用。保护历史建筑或遗址并不总是像对建筑物进行修复工程那么简单。重要的是要了解它是如何建造的，以及在确定必要时修复它们的方法之前使用了什么建造方法。此外，询问用于建造建筑物的材料的特性也很重要，因为应该注意到，建筑物不仅是静态的，而且还会对周围的环境做出反应;空气运动、物理力、天气、温度、膨胀和收缩、地面条件的变化等。每一座文物建筑在年代、用途、建造方法、材料、建筑风格等方面都不尽相同，重要性和可及性。他们中的许多人缺乏书面记录，这将是一个很好的工具，以保持他们的健康标准。获取和建立尽可能多的数据，以找出监测和保护文物建筑的最佳方法，已变得至关重要。问题是如何获取数据，协调并最终存储在一个系统中，作为回报，该系统可以用于监测和保护历史建筑。安装物理传感器不再是一个理想的解决方案，因为更多的价值已经放在文物建筑外观的重要性。因此，各种成像技术，可以实现三维形状远程或没有传感器的物理存在将需要到位。3D激光扫描和图像采集过程是一项成熟的技术，将用于这项研究，实现文物建筑的详细3D形状以及文物建筑的详细形状。这些三维数字成像技术可用于非接触式监测以及在文物建筑损坏的情况下进行修复。背景和研究方法建筑本身需要以3D形式而不是2D形式实现，以便能够监测各种原因造成的任何变形，移动或损坏。找出原因将是第一步。激光扫描系统是必要的，以实现高精度的文物建筑的三维形状。值得注意的是，利物浦大学的研究小组拥有FARO S+150扫描仪，它可以为本研究建立HBMIM模型提供最重要的数据。它还可以测量一个历史建筑的动态行为沿着与使用ofa相机能够补充的技术。通过激光扫描获得的三维点云、通过红外热成像仪获得的三维热成像以及通过无人机获得的三维数字图像将是本项目使用的原始数据。这些数据将成为开发一个平台的基础，该平台可以监测和检测遗产建筑中各个区域发生的变形。建筑物容易受到影响其站立的力的影响，并且抵抗力往往会给自身带来损害。有一个由一组研究人员进行的研究，包括指定的监督，徐博士关于“变形测量的土壤混合挡墙使用地面激光扫描”。其目的是监测地面对挡土墙的横向移动。通过激光扫描定期监测横向变形，并以高分辨率获取大面积的空间数据。本文尝试将激光扫描技术应用于某基坑工程中搅拌土挡墙的侧向变形监测