Memory encoding and retrieval: The role of context in recall and recollection

记忆编码和检索：上下文在回忆和回忆中的作用

• 批准号: 7331291
• 负责人: RACHEL A DIANA
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7331291
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Binding; Cognitive; Condition; Daily; Disease; Dissociation; Episodic memory; Event; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Hippocampus (Brain); Impairment; Medial; Memory; Mental Depression; Modeling; Neurologic; Neurosciences; Patients; Performance; Psychology; Quality of life; Research; Retrieval; Role; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Specific qualifier value; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; memory encoding; memory process; memory retrieval; novel diagnostics; relating to nervous system; stem

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ability to remember past events, or episodic memory, is critical to our daily activities. A central feature of episodic memories is that they are associated with a specific context-a time, place, and situation. Indeed, most research in psychology and neuroscience has conceptualized episodic recollection as the retrieval of an association between an item and the context in which the item was encountered. According to a recently proposed model, three regions in the medial temporal lobes (MIL)-the perirhinal cortex (PRc), parahippocampal cortex (PHc), and hippocampus-make qualitatively different contributions to the encoding of item information, context information, and the binding of item information to episodic context, respectively. The specific aims of this proposal are to test two predictions stemming from this model: 1) To test the hypothesis that encoding of context information is dissociable from encoding of item-context associations, both in terms of cognitive performance and electrophysiological activity, and that this context information differentially supports memory retrieval using recognition and recall. 2) To test the hypothesis that the perirhinal cortex (PRc), parahippocampal cortex (PHc), and hippocampus are differentially involved in encoding of item representations, context representations, and representations of item-context bindings Exp. 1 will manipulate contextual uniqueness to determine whether context information can be strengthened independently from item-context associations during encoding. This additional contextual strength should be evident in the ERP subsequent memory effects and is expected to support recall performance but not recollection performance. Exp. 2 will use fMRI scanning during encoding to compare storage of repeated items, repeated contexts, and repeated item-context bindings, allowing dissociation of the areas involved in storage of item information and contextual information. Exp. 3 will also use fMRI scanning during encoding to further investigate the role of parahippocampal cortex in storage of context information, testing encoding of spatial vs. verbal context and task-determined designation of context. Relevance: Impairments in episodic memory in psychiatric (e.g., schizophrenia and depression) and neurological (e.g., Alzheimer's Disease) disorders have a debilitating effect on patients' quality of life. By specifying the neural underpinnings of episodic memory processes, this research can inspire new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches these conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：记住过去事件或情节记忆的能力对于我们的日常活动至关重要。情节记忆的一个主要特征是它们与特定的上下文相关联 - 时间，地点和情况。的确，大多数心理学和神经科学研究的研究都将情节回忆概念化为检索项目与遇到物品的背景之间的关联。根据最近提出的模型，内侧颞叶（MIL）的三个区域 - 周围的皮层（PRC），帕拉希波克宫皮层（PHC）和Hippocampus Make在定性上对项目信息，上下文信息的编码以及项目信息与情节上下文的结合的贡献。该提案的具体目的是测试来自该模型的两个预测：1）检验以下假设：在认知性能和电生理活动方面，在项目上下文关联的编码中，对上下文信息的编码均可以分离，并且该环境信息使用识别和回忆来差异支持记忆回收。 2）为了检验以下假设：周围皮层（PRC），帕拉希波卡宫皮层（PHC）和海马群落与项目表示，上下文表示和项目 - 膜片绑定的表示形式不同。 1将操纵上下文唯一性，以确定是否可以在编码过程中独立于项目 - 文化关联来加强上下文信息。这种额外的上下文强度应在ERP随后的记忆效应中显而易见，并有望支持召回性能，但不支持回忆性能。经验。 2将在编码期间使用fMRI扫描来比较重复项目，重复上下文和重复的项目 - 封闭式绑定的存储，从而可以分离商品信息和上下文信息中所涉及的区域。经验。 3还将在编码过程中使用fMRI扫描，以进一步研究帕拉希帕省皮层在存储上下文信息中的作用，测试空间与言语上下文的编码以及上下文的任务指定指定。相关性：精神病（例如精神分裂症和抑郁症）以及神经系统（例如，阿尔茨海默氏病）疾病的情节记忆障碍对患者的生活质量具有令人衰弱的影响。通过指定情节记忆过程的神经基础，这项研究可以激发新的诊断和治疗方法。