Event-Related Potential Correlates of Facial Expression and Gaze Interactions

面部表情和目光交互的事件相关潜在相关性

• 批准号: 7297844
• 负责人: Reiko Graham
• 金额: $ 6.08万
• 依托单位: TEXAS STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7297844
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Affect; Anger; Area; Autistic Disorder; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Cognitive; Communications Media; Complex; Development; Dimensions; Discrimination; Disease; Disruption; Emotional; Emotions; Event-Related Potentials; Face; Facial Expression; Feeling; Goals; Human; Individual; Injury; Intelligence; Judgment; Mental disorders; Methods; Mind; Mood Disorders; Moods; Nature; Perception; Process; Reaction Time; Research; Resolution; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Site; Speed; Staging; Stimulus; Stream; Technology; Thinking; Time; base; brain electrical activity; design; experience; gaze; indexing; insight; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; processing speed; relating to nervous system; research study; selective attention; showing emotion; skills; social; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Emotional expression and gaze direction are important signals of the internal states and intentions of others and are critical to the human social experience. {These core abilities interact with other nonverbal forms of communication to form the basis of complex social cognitive processes such as theory of mind (Baron- Cohen, 1995).} It is not surprising that the disruption of these processes is associated with socio-affective disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Neurophysiological evidence in healthy subjects suggests that expression and gaze are processed, at least in part, by the same brain areas. Behavioral evidence corroborates this, and suggests that the timing of these processes is crucial in whether or not they interact. Timing, in turn, is affected by how easily these dimensions can be discriminated. {Event-related potentials (ERPs) can provide important confirmation of these hypotheses regarding gaze and expression processing interactions, providing a more thorough understanding of the biological basis of social intelligence.} An understanding of gaze and emotion processing in healthy adults provides a basis for delineating how these processes might be disrupted by development, disease or injury. Using ERPs, expression and gaze perception in healthy adults will be examined with the Garner interference paradigm. This paradigm provides an index of processing interdependence by determining the extent to which perceivers can selectively attend to one stimulus dimension (e.g. emotion) while ignoring the other (e.g. gaze). In Experiment 1, gaze and expression interactions will be examined with unambiguous fearful and angry expressions and direct and averted gaze. {Behavioral evidence has demonstrated that when expressions are easily discriminated, subjects are able to perform expression judgments without interference from gaze, but unable to make gaze judgments without interference from expression.} Expression was judged more quickly, suggesting that this asymmetric interference arose because expression was processed before gaze could interfere. {ERPs could provide corroborating evidence regarding the timing of these processes.} In Experiment 2, the difficulty of emotion discrimination will be increased by using more subtle facial expressions. Graham & LaBar have shown that when expression was more difficult to discriminate, gaze interfered with emotion judgments and vice versa. This suggests that expression and gaze interactions are modulated by discriminability: whereas expression generally interferes with gaze judgments, gaze modulates expression processing only when emotion discrimination is difficult.{ ERPs are uniquely poised to examine such a speed-of-processing account of these interactions, providing important confirmation about the timing of these interactions in the healthy adult brain.} A great deal of information about others' thoughts and feelings can be determined from emotional expressions and direction of gaze. This research is designed to examine the electrical activity of the brain when individuals view emotional and gazing faces. The goal of this project is to provide a better understanding of the biological basis of social intelligence, a skill that critical to healthy human function.

描述（由申请人提供）：情绪表达和注视方向是他人内部状态和意图的重要信号，对人类社会体验至关重要。 {这些核心能力与其他非语言形式的交流相互作用，形成复杂的社会认知过程的基础，例如心理理论（Baron-Cohen，1995）。}毫不奇怪，这些过程的破坏与精神分裂症和自闭症等社会情感障碍有关。健康受试者的神经生理学证据表明，表情和凝视至少部分是由相同的大脑区域处理的。行为证据证实了这一点，并表明这些过程的时机对于它们是否相互作用至关重要。反过来，时间又受到这些维度的区分难易程度的影响。 {事件相关电位 (ERP) 可以为这些关于凝视和表达处理相互作用的假设提供重要的证实，从而提供对社会智力的生物学基础的更全面的理解。}对健康成年人的凝视和情绪处理的理解为描述这些过程如何被发育、疾病或伤害破坏提供了基础。使用 ERP，将通过加纳干扰范式检查健康成年人的表情和凝视感知。该范式通过确定感知者可以选择性地关注一个刺激维度（例如情感）而忽略另一个刺激维度（例如凝视）的程度，提供了处理相互依赖的指数。在实验 1 中，将通过明确的恐惧和愤怒表情以及直接和回避的凝视来检查凝视和表情相互作用。 {行为证据表明，当表情很容易被辨别时，受试者能够在不受凝视干扰的情况下进行表情判断，但无法在不受表情干扰的情况下做出凝视判断。}表情的判断速度更快，表明这种不对称干扰的出现是因为在凝视干扰之前就对表情进行了处理。 {ERP 可以提供关于这些过程的时间安排的确凿证据。}在实验 2 中，通过使用更微妙的面部表情，情绪辨别的难度将会增加。格雷厄姆和拉巴尔表明，当表情更难以区分时，凝视会干扰情绪判断，反之亦然。这表明表情和凝视相互作用受到可辨别性的调节：虽然表情通常会干扰凝视判断，但只有当情绪辨别困难时，凝视才会调节表达处理。{ERP 具有独特的能力来检查这些相互作用的处理速度，为健康成人大脑中这些相互作用的时间提供重要确认。}关于他人的想法和感受的大量信息可以从情绪表达中确定 以及注视的方向。这项研究旨在检查当人们看到情绪化和注视的面孔时大脑的电活动。该项目的目标是更好地理解社交智能的生物学基础，社交智能是一种对人类健康功能至关重要的技能。