Neural Substrates of the Development of Recognition Memory

识别记忆发展的神经基础

• 批准号: 7184767
• 负责人: SIMONA GHETTI
• 金额: $ 7.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7184767
• 关键词: 18 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Area; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Cognition; Development; Dissociation; Event; Familiarity; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Hippocampus (Brain); Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Knowledge; Learning; Measures; Medial; Memory; Methods; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences Research; Participant; Pathology; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Public Health; Range; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Retrieval; Scanning; Structure; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thinking; Time; Traumatic Brain Injury; age difference; age group; base; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; entorhinal cortex; improved; memory recognition; neuromechanism; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Background and Aims: The ability to recognize past events is a fundamental aspect of our ability to remember. Two processes are thought to underlie recognition memory: recollection and familiarity. Recollection is the process that allows for the retrieval of distinct features associated with the context in which the event was originally encountered. Familiarity is the process that allows for the global assessment of the strength of the memory trace of the event, in the absence of memory for contextual features. A developmental dissociation between the two processes has been documented in behavioral research: Whereas recollection appears to continue to develop over the course of childhood and adolescence, familiarity appears to become relatively stable during childhood. Cognitive neuroscience research with adults has shown that recollection and familiarity rely on distinct brain structures and that activity in these brain regions is dissociable both at time of encoding and at time of retrieval. One gap in our knowledge concerns the neural mechanisms underlying the developmental dissociation between recollection and familiarity. The proposed research aims to address this gap by examining encoding-related processes during development. The specific aims of the proposed project are: (1) to identify the neural correlates of the development of recollection, and (2) to identify the neural correlates of the development of familiarity. Methods: The proposed research involves an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment with 8-, 10-, 14-, and 18-years-olds (20 participants per age group). Participants will be scanned during an incidental encoding task. Memory for the items processed in the scanner will be tested later, and measures of brain activity will be extracted as a function of this later memory performance. Significance: The proposed research will generate new knowledge about age-differences in the neural substrates of recollection and familiarity related to encoding processes. The findings will contribute to the development of a more comprehensive theory of recognition memory, as well as to an understanding of the relation between brain functioning and cognitive development. Relevance for public health: Knowledge about typical memory development is critical to understanding atypical memory development, as seen, for example, in child populations with traumatic brain injury or type-1 diabetes. Understanding the neural correlates of the development of various learning mechanisms is relevant to facilitating adaptive functioning in a wide range of domains.

描述（由申请人提供）：背景和目的：识别过去事件的能力是我们记忆能力的一个基本方面。两个过程被认为是认知记忆的基础：回忆和熟悉。回忆是一个允许检索与最初遇到事件的上下文相关的不同特征的过程。熟悉是一个过程，它允许在缺乏对上下文特征的记忆的情况下，对事件的记忆痕迹的强度进行全局评估。行为研究中记录了这两个过程之间的发展分离：虽然回忆似乎在童年和青春期继续发展，但熟悉似乎在童年时期变得相对稳定。对成年人的认知神经科学研究表明，回忆和熟悉依赖于不同的大脑结构，这些大脑区域的活动在编码和提取时都是分离的。我们知识的一个缺口是关于记忆和熟悉之间发展分离的神经机制。拟议的研究旨在通过检查开发过程中的编码相关过程来解决这一差距。该项目的具体目标是：（1）识别回忆发展的神经相关因素，（2）识别熟悉性发展的神经相关因素。研究方法：这项研究涉及一项与事件相关的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）实验，对象为8岁、10岁、14岁和18岁的青少年（每个年龄组20名参与者）。参与者将在附带的编码任务中被扫描。稍后将测试在扫描仪中处理的项目的记忆，并提取大脑活动的测量值作为稍后记忆表现的函数。重要性：这项研究将产生新的知识，年龄差异的神经基板的回忆和熟悉相关的编码过程。这些发现将有助于发展一个更全面的再认记忆理论，以及理解大脑功能和认知发展之间的关系。与公共卫生的相关性：关于典型记忆发展的知识对于理解非典型记忆发展至关重要，例如，在患有创伤性脑损伤或1型糖尿病的儿童人群中。了解各种学习机制发展的神经相关性与促进广泛领域的适应性功能有关。