Functional Connectivity in Youth at Risk for Alcoholism

有酗酒风险的青少年的功能连接

• 批准号: 7341068
• 负责人: ANDREA SPADONI TOWNSEND
• 金额: $ 3.29万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-21 至 2008-09-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7341068
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol dependence; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Bilateral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain region; Brodmann' s area; Child; Cognitive; Complex; Data; Dependence; Equation; Event-Related Potentials; Family history of; Fellowship; First Degree Relative; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Heavy Drinking; Image; Individual; Inferior; Investigation; Left; Link; Lobule; MFC; MFG; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetism; Middle frontal gyrus structure; Modeling; Names; Nature; Neuraxis; Neurocognitive; Parents; Parietal; Pattern; Predisposition; Prefrontal Cortex; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Short-Term Memory; Solid; Structural Models; System; Testing; Youth; alcohol use disorder; base; blood oxygen level dependent; grandparent; interest; neurodevelopment; relating to nervous system; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A family history of alcohol use disorders is a well-established risk factor for the development of adolescent alcohol abuse and dependence. Studies have linked a positive family history (FHP) of AUD to neurocognitive and electrophysiological abnormalities in non-abusing adolescents, suggesting that youth at risk for developing subsequent AUD may carry neural markers for predisposition. Increased vulnerability for AUD may depend upon the nature of these cognitive features. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) to contrast models of brain activation in response to a spatial working memory task, this study proposes that a subtle neurodevelopmental lag, as characterized by protracted development of the neural substrate of spatial working memory, may distinguish FHP (n=27) from FH negative (FHN) (n=38) youth. Functional connectivity analyses may help elucidate a pattern of altered systems employed in complex cognitive tasks in FHP youth. Importantly, cognitive abnormalities, traditionally ascribed to heavy drinking, may be moderated by family history effects. Increased understanding of these neurocognitive components may aid in uncovering factors that contribute to heightened risk for alcohol dependence.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精使用障碍家族史是青少年酒精滥用和酒精依赖的一个公认的危险因素。研究已将 AUD 阳性家族史 (FHP) 与非虐待青少年的神经认知和电生理学异常联系起来，表明有后续发生 AUD 风险的青少年可能携带易感性的神经标志物。 AUD 的脆弱性增加可能取决于这些认知特征的性质。本研究使用结构方程模型 (SEM) 来对比响应空间工作记忆任务的大脑激活模型，提出以空间工作记忆的神经基质的长期发育为特征的微妙的神经发育滞后可能将 FHP (n=27) 与 FH 阴性 (FHN) (n=38) 青少年区分开来。功能连接分析可能有助于阐明 FHP 青少年复杂认知任务中所使用的改变系统的模式。重要的是，传统上归因于酗酒的认知异常可能会受到家族史的影响而得到缓解。增加对这些神经认知成分的了解可能有助于发现导致酒精依赖风险增加的因素。