Functional Connectivity in Youth at Risk for Alcoholism

有酗酒风险的青少年的功能连接

基本信息

批准号：
7341068
负责人：
ANDREA SPADONI TOWNSEND
金额：
$ 3.29万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-09-21 至 2008-09-20
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7341068
关键词：
Abbreviations Adolescent Adolescent Development Adult Age Alcohol abuse Alcohol dependence Alcoholism Alcohols Bilateral Biological Neural Networks Brain Brain region Brodmann&apos s area Child Cognitive Complex Data Dependence Equation Event-Related Potentials Family history of Fellowship First Degree Relative Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Heavy Drinking Image Individual Inferior Investigation Left Link Lobule MFC MFG Magnetic Resonance Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetism Middle frontal gyrus structure Modeling Names Nature Neuraxis Neurocognitive Parents Parietal Pattern Predisposition Prefrontal Cortex Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Risk Risk Factors Short-Term Memory Solid Structural Models System Testing Youth alcohol use disorder base blood oxygen level dependent grandparent interest neurodevelopment relating to nervous system response

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A family history of alcohol use disorders is a well-established risk factor for the development of adolescent alcohol abuse and dependence. Studies have linked a positive family history (FHP) of AUD to neurocognitive and electrophysiological abnormalities in non-abusing adolescents, suggesting that youth at risk for developing subsequent AUD may carry neural markers for predisposition. Increased vulnerability for AUD may depend upon the nature of these cognitive features. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) to contrast models of brain activation in response to a spatial working memory task, this study proposes that a subtle neurodevelopmental lag, as characterized by protracted development of the neural substrate of spatial working memory, may distinguish FHP (n=27) from FH negative (FHN) (n=38) youth. Functional connectivity analyses may help elucidate a pattern of altered systems employed in complex cognitive tasks in FHP youth. Importantly, cognitive abnormalities, traditionally ascribed to heavy drinking, may be moderated by family history effects. Increased understanding of these neurocognitive components may aid in uncovering factors that contribute to heightened risk for alcohol dependence.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精使用障碍的家族史是发展青春期酒精滥用和依赖性的良好风险因素。研究已将AUD的积极家族史（FHP）与非虐待青少年的神经认知和电生理异常联系起来，这表明有可能发展随后的AUD的年轻人可能会带有神经标记物以易于倾向。 AUD的脆弱性增加可能取决于这些认知特征的性质。本研究使用结构方程模型（SEM）来响应空间工作记忆任务的对比模型，该研究表明，一种微妙的神经发育滞后，其特征在于空间工作记忆的神经基质的突出发展，可以区分FHP（n = 27）的FHP（n = 27）（FH负（FH）负（FH）（FHN）（FHN）（n = 38）。功能连通性分析可能有助于阐明FHP青年复杂认知任务中采用的改变的系统模式。重要的是，传统上归因于大量饮酒的认知异常可能会受到家族史的影响。对这些神经认知成分的了解增加可能有助于发现有助于增加酒精依赖风险的因素。