Neural Correlates of Normal/Disordered Voice Production

项目概述：本论文将详细描述事件相关皮质电位的特性，标记为语音相关皮质电位（VRCP），作为语音障碍人群中语音神经准备的指标。独特的实验设计和方法的进步允许VRCP的精确表征。受试者会用鼻子呼吸或发出“嗯”的声音（就涉及到关节道而言，这是相同的动作，唯一的区别是在哼唱时喉部开始运动）。通过创新的硬件适应，生理测量（即使用电声门图测量声音开始和使用远程温度计测量呼气开始）与同时采样的大脑数据的在线共同注册成为可能。脑电图（EEG）将用于规范VRCP的时间过程、场分布和波形形态。功能磁共振成像（fMRI）将用于VRCP来源的解剖规范。该研究将比较声音障碍人群中VRCP的解剖、地形和时间特性，并旨在验证一种假设，即患有继发于帕金森病（PD）的声音障碍的成年人可能在以下方面表现出显著差异：(a)相关大脑部位的激活程度；&/或(b)与年龄匹配的对照受试者相比，激活的时间/顺序。将研究VRCP参数与声学和感知指标之间的相关性。该研究还将对接受和未接受李·西尔弗曼声音治疗计划（LSVT）治疗的人群进行干预后的变化，这是一种有效的神经源性声音障碍干预措施。长期目标：培训将促进申请人的能力：1。开展和传播科学上优秀的、与残疾人、服务提供者和科学界关注的问题相关的研究；2. 测量VRCP的时空特征。相关性：脑激活变化可能是神经源性发声障碍的一个因素；因此，该研究结果有可能作为一种评估皮层对临床、药物和手术干预语音障碍的适应性的方法。据估计，嗓音障碍在美国人口中占3-9%，无疑是个人功能丧失和社会经济成本的重要来源。这些研究通过提供有关声音障碍人群中声音产生的神经机制的宝贵信息，并最终开发出评估和改善与声音障碍相关的残疾的生态有效方法，为NIH的使命和2010年健康人的实现做出了贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary: This dissertation will specify properties of an event-related cortical potential labeled the Voice Related Cortical Potential (VRCP) as an index of neural preparation for voicing in a voice disordered population. A unique experimental design & methodological advances permit precise characterization of the VRCP. Subjects will breathe out of their nose or produce "mmm" (equivalent actions in terms of involvement of the articulatory tract, the only difference being the initiation of laryngeal movement when humming). Online co-registration of physiological measurements (i.e. measurement of voice onset using electroglottography and expiration onset using a tele-thermometer) with simultaneously-sampled brain data is made possible by innovative hardware adaptations. Electroencephalography (EEG) will be utilized for specification of time course, field distribution, & waveform morphology of the VRCP. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) will be used for anatomical specification of sources of the VRCP. The study will compare anatomical, topographical, & temporal properties of the VRCP in a voice-disordered population, & aim to test the hypothesis that adults presenting with a voice disorder secondary to Parkinson's Disease (PD), may show significant differences in: (a) the degree of activation of relevant brain sites; &/or (b) the timing/sequencing of activations when compared to age-matched control subjects. Correlations will be investigated between VRCP parameters & acoustic & perceptual indices. Post-intervention changes in this population, comparing people who have and have not been treated with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment program (LSVT), an efficacious intervention for neurogenic voice disorder, will also be investigated. Long- Term Objectives:Training will facilitate the applicant's ability to: 1. conduct and disseminate research that is scientifically excellent & relevant to the concerns of disabled individuals, service providers, & the scientific community; 2. measure temporal and spatial characteristics of the VRCP. Relevance: Brain activation changes may be a factor in voice disorders of neurogenic origin; therefore, the findings have potential as a method for assessing cortical adaptation to clinical, medicinal, & surgical intervention for voice disorders. Voice disorders occur in an estimated 3-9% of the US population, and are undoubtedly a source of substantial functional loss for individuals, and economic cost to society. The studies contribute to the mission of the NIH & the fulfilment of Healthy People 2010 by providing valuable information about the neural mechanisms for voice production in a voice disordered population, & ultimately developing ecologically valid methods for evaluating and ameliorating the disability associated with voice disorder.