Exploring the effect of musical context on vibrato pitch

探索音乐背景对颤音音高的影响

• 批准号: AH/E002706/1
• 负责人: David Howard
• 金额: $ 2.05万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FE002706%2F1
• 关键词: Exploring; effect; musical; context; vibrato

It is important for singers and string players to be in tune when producing tones with 'vibrato'.Vibrato is a musical effect typically associated with singing and string playing that is used for expressive purposes, whereby the musician varies the pitch or 'fundamental frequency' of a note repeatedly above and below the intended pitch. This variation in pitch is termed 'frequency modulation' and for vocal vibrato the extent of pitch variation can be up to 1 semitone either side of the intended pitch. The rate of frequency modulation for vocal vibrato is typically between 4 to 6 cycles per second, where one cycle consists of an oscillation in pitch above and below the intended pitch.It has been suggested that vibrato helps to create a more vague sensation of pitch, and can be used for masking errors in tuning. Previous studies on the pitch of vibrato tones have focused on determining the average pitch perceived for vibrato tones, but as of yet there have been no studies on vibrato tones presented within a musical context which determine the acceptable range of tuning for vibrato tones. The aims of this research are to determine the range of acceptable tuning for vibrato tones presented within a musical context and compare this range to that of tones without vibrato in the same context. In addition, several intended vibrato pitches will be explored to determine whether or not the range of acceptable tuning for vibrato tones varies with intended pitch. This research will inform musicians, composers, musicologists and researchers in the fields of psychoacoustics and audiology about how musical context and expectancy can alter listeners' perceptions of vibrato tones and how vibrato might be deliberately employed to generate a more vague sensation of pitch. The research could also be used to develop algorithms that mimic human pitch perception.

对于歌手和弦乐演奏者来说，用颤音产生音调是很重要的。颤音是一种音乐效果，通常与歌唱和弦乐演奏联系在一起，用于表达，音乐家在预定音高上下反复改变音符的音高或基频。这种音高的变化被称为频率调制，对于声乐颤音来说，音高变化的程度可以达到预期音高两侧的1个半音。声乐颤音的频率调制速率通常在每秒4到6个周期之间，其中一个周期由预期音高上下的音高振荡组成。有人认为，颤音有助于产生更模糊的音调感觉，并可用于掩盖调音中的错误。以前关于颤音音调的研究集中于确定可感知的颤音音调的平均音高，但到目前为止还没有关于音乐环境中呈现的颤音音调的研究来确定颤音音调的可接受范围。这项研究的目的是确定音乐环境中出现的颤音音调的可接受调谐范围，并将这一范围与相同背景下没有颤音的音调进行比较。此外，还将探索几个预期的颤音音调，以确定可接受的颤音音调范围是否随预期音调的不同而不同。这项研究将让音乐家、作曲家、音乐学家和心理声学和听力学领域的研究人员了解音乐背景和预期如何改变听众对颤音音调的感知，以及如何故意使用颤音来产生更模糊的音调感觉。这项研究还可以用来开发模仿人类音调感知的算法。

项目成果

Effects of Carrier and Phase on the Pitch of Long-Duration Vibrato Tones

载波和相位对长时颤音音高的影响

• DOI: 10.1177/1029864909013001006
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Musicae Scientiae
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Van Besouw R

RANGE OF TUNING FOR TONES WITH AND WITHOUT VIBRATO

• DOI: 10.1525/mp.2008.26.2.145
• 发表时间: 2008-12-01
• 期刊: MUSIC PERCEPTION
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: van Besouw, Rachel M.;Brereton, Jude S.;Howard, David M.
• 通讯作者: Howard, David M.