Effects of neocortical size on cortical field formation

新皮质大小对皮质区形成的影响

• 批准号: 7222909
• 负责人: Sarah J Karlen
• 金额: $ 2.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-02 至 2009-02-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7222909
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Area; Brain; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Cycle; Cell Density; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Comparative Study; Complex; Deoxyuridine; Development; Didelphidae; Disease; Evolution; FGF2 gene; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Goals; Human; Injection of therapeutic agent; Label; Left; Location; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Monodelphis; Neocortex; Numbers; Optics; Phase; Primates; Relative (related person); Rest; System; Techniques; Tracer; Weight; Work; day; extrastriate visual cortex; insight; lateral ventricle; neocortical; postnatal; research study; response; size; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of these experiments is to identify how cortical sheet size contributes to cortical field formation during early development. Previous work reducing the size of the cortical sheet has indicated that the cortical sheet is not field specific early in development (Huffman et al., 1999a). This study will examine what happens to cortical fields when the cortical sheet is enlarged, a phenomena that has occurred throughout evolution in a number of lineages, including primates. Specifically, we hypothesize that disproportionately increasing the neocortex will increase the size of existing cortical fields and/or create a new cortical field. The first phase of this study will be to enlarge the cortex in developing short-tailed opossums and to quantify the changes that occur in cortical sheet size. The second phase will be to examine cortical organization using electrophysiological recording techniques and myeloarchitecture. The final phase will be to examine thalamocortical and corticocortical connections. Knowing whether the correlation between cortical sheet size and number of cortical fields can be reproduced solely by altering cortical sheet size will help us understand the mechanisms underling the evolution of complex brains. Further, these experiments will provide general insight into human disorders that affect cortical size, connectivity, and functional organization during development.

描述（由申请人提供）：这些实验的目的是确定在早期发育过程中皮质片大小如何促进皮质场形成。先前减小皮质片尺寸的工作表明，皮质片在发育早期不是场特异性的（霍夫曼等人，1999 a）。这项研究将研究当皮质片扩大时，皮质场发生了什么，这是一种在包括灵长类在内的许多谱系的进化过程中发生的现象。具体来说，我们假设不成比例地增加新皮质将增加现有皮质区的大小和/或创建新的皮质区。本研究的第一阶段将扩大皮层在发展中的短尾负鼠和量化的变化，发生在皮层片的大小。第二阶段将使用电生理记录技术和脊髓结构检查皮质组织。最后阶段将检查丘脑皮质和皮质皮质的连接。了解皮质片大小和皮质区数量之间的相关性是否可以仅仅通过改变皮质片大小来重现，将有助于我们理解复杂大脑进化的机制。此外，这些实验将提供一般的洞察人类疾病，影响皮层的大小，连接和功能组织在发展过程中。