Multisensory Processing: Plasticity & Accommodation to a Sensory Prosthesis

多感官处理：可塑性

• 批准号: 7530213
• 负责人: LYNNE Esther Bernstein
• 金额: $ 5.25万
• 依托单位: HOUSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-24 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7530213
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Auditory; Auditory area; Basic Science; Behavioral; Blindness; Brain; California; Clinic; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear implant procedure; Condition; Data; Databases; Detection; Devices; Education; Enrollment; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Housing; Implant; Individual; Investigation; Learning; Long-Term Effects; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurosciences; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Population; Process; Psychology; Public Health; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Response Latencies; Score; Sensory; Sensory Deprivation; Sensory Disorders; Signal Transduction; Specific qualifier value; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Stress; Students; Syncope; System; Tactile; Testing; Time; Training; Visual; auditory stimulus; biobehavior; clinical application; deafness; design; hearing impairment; implantation; interest; neural circuit; neural prosthesis; programs; prospective; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory prosthesis; somatosensory; stimulus processing; theories

The goals of this research program are to investigate behavioral and neural consequences of lifelong sensory deprivation and relate those consequences to the potential to induce normal function in neural circuits following implantation of a sensory prosthesis. The fundamental hypotheses guiding the research plan are that: Lifelong sensorineural hearing impairment exerts profound multisensory effects on brain organization and function; Thus, the outcome of receiving a cochlear implant to induce hearing in adulthood will depend on multisensory cortical plasticity and processing. Prelingually deaf adults who are cochlear implant patients at the House Clinic will be enrolled in experiments that use behavioral, electrophysiological and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods to investigate multisensory (visual, vibrotactile, and auditory) processing before and after cochlear implantation. Speech and non-speech multisensory perceptual effects will be investigated. Controls will be normal-hearing adults. Experiments will investigate (1) audiovisual speech perception using behavioral methods at pre- and post-cochlear implantation; (2) Cortical activity in response to vibrotactile, visual, and visual-tactile speech stimuli, using fMRI before implantation; (3) Audiovisual versus auditory-only spoken word learning following implantation, using a behavioral training paradigm; (4) Multisensory audiovisual and visual-tactile stimulus detection before and after cochlear implantation, using event-related potentials (ERPs) from electroencephalographic (EEG) data; and (5) Multisensory event perception before and after cochlear implantation using behavioral, fMRI, and ERP data. Modeling methods for ERP data with constraints from anatomical and functional MRI will be used in order to achieve high spatial and temporal resolution data on cortical activity, and also to overcome limitations on the use of MRI following cochlear implantation. Comprehensive subject and device data will be obtained from patients to be used in conjunction with statistical analyses on experimental data and also to create a normative database on this clinical population. Relevance to Public Health: This project addresses fundamental questions about neural plasticity in adults. It explicitly tests a multisensory approach to sensory training that could generalize to other sensory disorders such as blindness. The project integrates basic science with ongoing clinical practice and with graduate student training.

这项研究计划的目标是调查终身的行为和神经后果 感觉剥夺，并将这些后果与诱导神经系统正常功能的潜力联系起来。 感觉假体植入后的电路。指导研究的基本假设 终身感音神经性听力障碍对大脑产生深刻的多感觉影响 因此，接受人工耳蜗植入以诱导成年听力的结果 将取决于多感觉皮层的可塑性和处理。耳蜗性语前聋成年人 豪斯诊所的植入患者将被纳入使用行为，电生理， 和功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）方法来研究多感觉（视觉，振动触觉， 和听觉）处理。言语和非言语多感官 将研究感知效应。对照组为听力正常的成年人。实验将调查 (1)在人工耳蜗植入前后使用行为方法的视听言语感知;（2） 皮质活动的反应，振动触觉，视觉，和视觉触觉语言刺激，使用功能磁共振成像之前， （3）植入后的视听与仅口头语言学习，使用 行为训练范式;（4）多感官视听和视觉触觉刺激检测之前， 人工耳蜗植入后，使用来自脑电图（EEG）数据的事件相关电位（ERP）; 和（5）使用行为、fMRI和 企业资源规划数据。将使用具有解剖和功能MRI约束的ERP数据建模方法 为了获得关于皮层活动的高空间和时间分辨率数据， 人工耳蜗植入后MRI使用的局限性。将提供全面的受试者和器械数据 从患者中获得，用于与实验数据的统计分析结合使用， 建立一个关于这个临床人群的标准数据库。与公共卫生的相关性：该项目涉及 关于成人神经可塑性的基本问题它明确地测试了一种多感官的方法， 这种训练可以推广到其他感觉障碍，如失明。该项目整合了基础 科学与正在进行的临床实践和研究生培训。