Supported Cell Membranes: The next level in model membrane systems

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All living cells are surrounded by a thin membrane that shields and separates the inside of these cells from their surroundings. These thin membranes contain many proteins that transport specific compounds, like nutrients and salt, across the membrane. Some of these proteins actively transport protons across the membrane using the energy that is released from electron transfers. Consequently, the concentration of many compounds is different on the inside of the membrane compared to the outside. These gradients play a crucial role in biology and many reactions in the cell are dependent on it. When we study the structure and function of protein normally located in membranes we often study them in an environment that is different from the membrane. In this proposal we aim to develop a new tool that allows the study of membrane proteins in their natural environment. For this to be achieved, we will place the complete membrane on a specially designed surface that interacts with the membrane. These surfaces can then 'interrogate' the membrane proteins that are involved in the transmembrane transport of charged species (salt) or electrons. By studying these proteins we will learn more about how they function inside their natural membrane. Another important benefit is that the membrane proteins do not need to be purified, but that total membrane extracts can be used. This makes the experimental system relatively easy to prepare and therefore allows intergration in devices such as 'lab-on-chip'.