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The Development of Visual Integration & Attention: A High-Density EEG Study

视觉整合的发展

基本信息

批准号：
7545156
负责人：
MELANIE C PALOMARES
金额：
$ 4.96万
依托单位：
SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-09-25 至 2009-09-24
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7545156
关键词：
10 year old 15 year old 18 year old Adolescence Adolescent Adult Age-Years Amblyopia Anxiety Area Attention Autistic Disorder Child Childhood Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Coupled Coupling Cues Data Development Dorsal Dyslexia Elderly Electroencephalography Evoked Potentials Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Glass Human Judgment Knowledge Letters Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Mediating Motion Motion Perception Neurons Participant Pathway interactions Pattern Pilot Projects Process Public Health Rate Relative (related person)Rotation Scanning Spatial Distribution Stimulus Techniques Testing Thinking Time Translations Turner&apos s Syndrome Vision Visual Visual Pathways Visual system structure Williams Syndrome attentional modulation base density directed attention early childhood executive function extrastriate visual cortex insight named group novel pattern perception relating to nervous system research study response vision development

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is minimal knowledge on how cortical functions develop. I propose to characterize cortical development by measuring neural responses to visual global integration and attentional selectivity in children (6-10 year olds), adolescents (13-15 year olds) and adults (?18 year olds). Global integration is the process by which distributed features allow a pattern to be detected. It is classically thought that global integration based on form is processed by ventral visual areas while motion is processed by dorsal visual areas. Recent evidence suggests that global integration has relatively late maturation compared to tasks that only require feature detection. Moreover, evidence suggests that form and motion integration have different developmental trajectories. To examine the relationship of form and motion integration, we will measure cortical activity related to Glass pattern and coherent motion, stimuli created from copies of random dots. Although distinguishable as rotation, expansion or translation, these stimuli provide weak local orientation or direction cues, making them ideal stimuli in investigating global integration. By utilizing visually evoked potentials (VEP) coupled with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, I plan to test three main hypotheses: (1) that form and motion integration are processed by separate ventral and dorsal cortical areas, (2) that form processing has a different maturation rate than motion processing, and (3) that the effects of sustained attention on global integration is different in children and adults due to immature mechanisms that govern executive control. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE These studies will give us a better understanding how global form and motion integration may be related, and if this relationship changes as the visual system matures. Knowing how cortical function behaves in typical visual development may provide insight into the processes involved in atypical visual development. This information is especially important in special populations in which differences between dorsal and ventral visual functions have been found, such as in amblyopia, dyslexia, autism, Williams Syndrome and Turner Syndrome. In addition, the coupling of VEP responses to anatomical and functional MRIs is a novel technique that can be useful for investigating neural activity across typical and atypical development because participants are not subjected to long-duration fMRI scans, which can create anxiety and discomfort in young children and in people with special needs.

描述（由申请人提供）：对皮质功能如何发展的了解很少。我建议通过测量儿童（6-10奥尔兹），青少年（13-15奥尔兹）和成人（？）18奥尔兹）。全局整合是分布式特征允许检测模式的过程。传统的观点认为，基于形式的整体整合由腹侧视区负责，而运动则由背侧视区负责。最近的证据表明，全球一体化相对较晚的成熟相比，只需要功能检测的任务。此外，有证据表明，形式和动作整合有不同的发展轨迹。为了研究形状和运动整合的关系，我们将测量与玻璃图案和连贯运动相关的皮层活动，这些刺激来自随机点的副本。虽然可区分为旋转，扩展或平移，这些刺激提供弱的局部方向或方向线索，使它们成为研究全球一体化的理想刺激。通过利用视觉诱发电位（VEP）结合磁共振成像（MRI）数据，我计划测试三个主要假设：（1）形状和运动的整合是由独立的腹侧和背侧皮质区处理的，（2）形状处理与运动处理的成熟率不同，（3）由于执行控制机制的不成熟，儿童和成人的持续注意力对整体整合的影响是不同的。这些研究将使我们更好地了解整体形状和运动整合是如何相关的，以及这种关系是否会随着视觉系统的成熟而改变。了解皮质功能在典型视觉发育中的表现可能有助于深入了解非典型视觉发育的过程。这一信息在已经发现背侧和腹侧视觉功能差异的特殊人群中尤其重要，例如在弱视、阅读障碍、自闭症、威廉姆斯综合征和特纳综合征中。此外，VEP反应与解剖和功能MRI的耦合是一种新技术，可用于研究典型和非典型发育中的神经活动，因为参与者不受长时间fMRI扫描的影响，这可能会在幼儿和有特殊需要的人中产生焦虑和不适。