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Elucidating the OXI1 stress signalling network

阐明 OXI1 应激信号网络

基本信息

批准号：
BB/E007961/1
负责人：
Marc Knight
金额：
$ 31.44万
依托单位：
Durham University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FE007961%2F1
关键词：
Elucidating OXI1 stress signalling network

项目摘要

In common with us, plants utilise chemical compounds formed from oxygen, not for breathing but for an altogether different purpose. These highly-reactive compounds are know as 'reactive oxygen species' (ROS) and are produced for instance when a white blood cell finds a bacterium in the bloodstream. This initiates a series of events which allows the blood cell to kill the bacterium, and thus prevent spread of infection. The ROS are not themselves used to kill the bacterium, rather they 'turn on' processes in the blood cell which help it to kill the bacterium. Understandably there is a lot of excitement in the scientific world regarding this type of system, as an understanding of it could help with combating disease (some diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis occurs when cells in joints do not perform this function correctly). Recently it was found that the use of ROS in this way is not limited to human cells, and in fact plants utilise this mechanism also. Perhaps not surprisingly, one such instance is when plants are themselves attacked by bacteria and fungi. Plants do not have blood cells, so instead, produce chemicals which will kill the pathogen, and prevent spread of infection. We were interested in finding what the steps were leading from ROS to the management of plant disease in this way. A protein, called OXI1, was identified and was found to be involved in one such step. If this protein was removed from plants, they were no longer able to defend themselves properly from microbes attacking them. It was found that OXI1 worked by 'labelling' other proteins by adding a chemical 'tag' to them, namely phosphate. This is a common trick in cells, used to either make a protein work, or to stop in working i.e. to control its function. The research being proposed here seeks to identify exactly which proteins OXI1 'tags' and which ones it binds to do its work. In this way, the series of steps from ROS to combating plant disease can be discovered, and utilised to human benefit i.e. breeding crops with increased resistance to pests e.g. mildew.

与我们人类一样，植物利用氧气形成的化合物，不是为了呼吸，而是为了完全不同的目的。这些高活性化合物被称为“活性氧种”(ROS)，例如，当白细胞在血液中发现细菌时，就会产生这些化合物。这会引发一系列事件，使血细胞杀死细菌，从而防止感染的传播。ROS本身并不是用来杀死细菌的，而是在血细胞中“启动”帮助杀死细菌的过程。可以理解的是，科学界对这种类型的系统有很多兴奋之处，因为对它的了解可以帮助对抗疾病(一些疾病，如类风湿性关节炎，当关节中的细胞不能正确执行这一功能时就会发生)。最近发现，ROS的这种使用方式并不局限于人类细胞，事实上植物也利用这种机制。也许并不令人惊讶的是，当植物本身受到细菌和真菌的攻击时，就是这样一个例子。植物没有血细胞，因此可以产生杀死病原体的化学物质，防止感染的传播。我们感兴趣的是，以这种方式从ROS到植物病害管理的步骤是什么。一种名为OXI1的蛋白质被鉴定出来，并被发现参与了其中一个步骤。如果这种蛋白质从植物中移除，它们就不能再正确地保护自己免受微生物的攻击。研究发现，OXI1通过在其他蛋白质上添加一种化学“标签”，即磷酸盐来“标记”这些蛋白质。这是细胞中一种常见的技巧，用来使蛋白质工作，或停止工作，即控制其功能。这里提出的这项研究试图准确地确定OXI1的哪些蛋白质是“标签”，以及它结合了哪些蛋白质来完成它的工作。通过这种方式，可以发现从ROS到抗击植物病害的一系列步骤，并将其用于人类利益，即培育对病虫害具有更强抵抗力的作物。