The genome sequence for the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida and its utilisation for improved control

该项目的目的是通过获得和利用全基因组序列来确定马铃薯孢囊线虫Globodera pallida的新型防治和增强害虫管理的基础。英国马铃薯理事会估计，英国马铃薯的生产、加工和零售市场价值约为100亿英镑。每年30亿英镑马铃薯胞囊线虫（PCN）、罗氏球囊线虫（Globodera rostochiensis）和G. pallida是该行业最具经济意义的线虫问题。它们发生在英国65%的马铃薯土地上。苍白球出现在92%的这些网站。PCN每年给英国马铃薯种植者带来超过5000万英镑的成本，并威胁到许多种植者的作物未来。自20世纪50年代中期以来，抗病育种已经产生了一些商业上可接受的抗G。苍白球目前使用的化学控制方法由于成本、环境和健康问题而面临越来越大的压力，并且目前使用的化合物没有良性替代品。控制G. pallida是维持英国竞争力的基本要求。生产例如，消费者对没有农药残留的食品的需求导致Waitrose从没有接受杀线虫剂处理的作物中采购所有土豆（www.waitrose.com）。这需要从多氯化萘发病率较低的国家进口，或者需要在联合王国建立更广泛的农业系统。消费者可能会支持英国产品避免农药残留或环境危害，并以可持续方法为基础。这一提议是实现这一结果所需创新的基础。在接下来的5年里，Wellcome Trust桑格研究所将开展一项针对线虫和其他蠕虫的重大基因组测序计划，这些蠕虫是人类或兽医重要的寄生虫。WTSI愿意对这种植物寄生线虫进行测序，用于比较基因组研究。基因鉴定将从头开始和通过实验分析进行。拟议工作的科学产出将与植物地理学家和更广泛的科学界有关。A G. pallida基因组测序将使英国植物线虫学社区保持国际竞争力，并将使新的合作关系建立与其他领域的研究人员，包括植物发育，分子植物病理学和抗性进化。这项建议得到广泛支持。英国马铃薯理事会将独立支持与该项目一致的研究生案例奖。工业界和科学界的支持信也表明了其他方面的支持。

The aim of this project is to define bases for novel control and enhanced pest management of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida by obtaining and utilising the full genome sequence. The British Potato Council estimates the UK potato production, processing and retail markets to be worth c. £3 billion p.a. and the potato cyst nematodes (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida, are the most economically important nematode problems of this industry. They occur in 65% of UK potato land with G. pallida present at 92% of these sites. PCN impose an annual cost in excess of £50 million on UK potato growers and threaten the future of the crop for many growers. Breeding for resistance since the mid 1950s has produced few commercially acceptable varieties with resistance to G. pallida. Currently used chemical control methods are under increasing pressure due to cost, environmental and health concerns and there are no benign alternatives to the currently used compounds. Control of G. pallida is an essential requirement to maintain the competitiveness of U.K. production. For example, the consumer demand for food with no pesticide residues has resulted in Waitrose sourcing all its potatoes from crops that have not received a nematicide treatment (www.waitrose.com). This requires imports from countries with a lower PCN incidence or requires a more extensive agricultural system in the UK. Consumer support is likely for UK produce that avoids pesticide residues or environmental harm and is soundly based on a sustainable approach. This proposal underpins the innovation needed to reach that outcome. Over the next 5 years, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute will undertake a major genome sequencing programme aimed at nematodes and other helminths that are human or veterinary-important parasites. WTSI is willing to sequence this plant parasitic nematode for comparative genomic studies. Gene identification will be carried out ab initio and by experimental analysis. The scientific outputs of the proposed work will be of relevance to plant nematologists and to the wider scientific community. A G. pallida genome sequence will allow the UK plant nematology community to remain internationally competitive and will enable new collaborative links to be built with researchers working in other fields including plant development, molecular plant pathology and evolution of resistance. The proposal has broad support. The British Potato Council will independently support CASE awards for postgraduate students that will be aligned with the project. Other support is evident from the letters of support from both industry and the scientific community.