Whole genome SNP panels for genotyping experimental chicken lines- a vital BBSRC resource

用于对实验鸡品系进行基因分型的全基因组 SNP 面板 - 重要的 BBSRC 资源

• 批准号: BB/F015917/1
• 负责人: Peter Kaiser
• 金额: $ 12.52万
• 依托单位: The Pirbright Institute
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FF015917%2F1
• 关键词: Whole; genome; SNP; panels; genotyping

The chicken DNA sequence bridges the evolutionary gap not previously covered by any other animal, sharing a common ancestor with mammals as long as 310 million years ago. Like genetic studies in mice, the chicken may also provide important evolutionary data on vital genes and how they influence such things as disease resistance and health. Identifying these qualities is only possible when the full extent of genetic differences between animals is available. We are now entering the genetic era of livestock research, made possible by the recent publication of the genome sequence of the Chicken, and the resource of over 3 million genetic variations for the chicken genome in the publicly available Beijing Genomics Institute database. However, the data generated for these genetics variants is from only three animals - a 'typical' layer chicken, a 'typical' broiler chicken and a Chinese Silkie chicken. Although this is a very valuable tool, little is known about the level of genetic variation within and between different breeds of chicken, particularly those used in scientific research and by commercial breeders. The Institute for Animal Health (IAH) is pre-eminent in Europe in its ability to develop approaches to understand host-pathogen relationships in farm animals. The inbred chicken lines housed at IAH are a vital BBSRC-resource used by research centres throughout the EU. The 10 different chicken lines have been selectively bred and vast amounts of data collected over the past 30 years and are unique genetic resources that provide the ability to understand the genetic basis for important traits. As most of these chicken lines are of layer origin they will only contain variations that are specific that line. Our aim is to screen two panels of over 6000 variations and determine a set of variants to be used for comparative studies in each of the inbred lines. Using these genetic markers we will then be able to map traits unique by analysis of genetic crosses of the relevant lines. The tools and resources that will result from the work proposed in this application can be used to fill this knowledge gap, making the identification of genes for important traits a feasible goal. The accessibility of resources for a set of genetic variations for each of the inbred chicken lines will provide genetic tools that will support advances in poultry genomics and enable delivery of results through scientific research to the consumer. Comparisons of these inbred chicken lines may also be very important in answering immunological questions, including some topics of particular importance for human health, such as avian influenza. Furthermore, accessibility of high density maps for genetic variation in the chicken genome will provide enormous opportunities to understand and exploit the genetic control of complex traits to the benefit of poultry flocks, the UK poultry industry, the consumer and the environment.

鸡的DNA序列弥补了以前任何其他动物都没有涵盖的进化差距，早在3.1亿年前就与哺乳动物有共同的祖先。就像在老鼠身上进行的遗传研究一样，鸡也可能提供重要基因的重要进化数据，以及它们如何影响抗病性和健康等。只有当动物之间的遗传差异的全部范围是可用的，才有可能确定这些品质。我们现在正在进入家畜研究的遗传时代，最近公布的鸡的基因组序列以及北京基因组研究所公开数据库中超过300万个鸡基因组遗传变异的资源使之成为可能。然而，这些遗传变异产生的数据仅来自三种动物-一种“典型”蛋鸡，一种“典型”肉鸡和一种中国乌骨鸡。虽然这是一个非常有价值的工具，但人们对不同鸡种内部和之间的遗传变异水平知之甚少，特别是那些用于科学研究和商业育种的鸡种。动物卫生研究所（IAH）在欧洲是卓越的，它有能力开发方法来了解农场动物中的宿主-病原体关系。IAH饲养的近交系鸡是整个欧盟研究中心使用的重要BBSRC资源。这10种不同的鸡系是经过选择性培育的，在过去30年中收集了大量数据，是独特的遗传资源，能够了解重要性状的遗传基础。由于大多数这些鸡线是层的起源，他们将只包含特定的线的变化。我们的目标是筛选两组超过6000个变异，并确定一组变异用于每个近交系的比较研究。使用这些遗传标记，我们将能够通过分析相关品系的遗传杂交来绘制独特的性状。本申请中提出的工作将产生的工具和资源可用于填补这一知识空白，使重要性状基因的鉴定成为一个可行的目标。每种近交系鸡的一套遗传变异资源的可获得性将提供遗传工具，支持家禽基因组学的进步，并通过科学研究向消费者提供结果。这些近交系鸡的比较也可能在回答免疫学问题方面非常重要，包括对人类健康特别重要的一些问题，如禽流感。此外，鸡基因组中遗传变异的高密度图谱的可访问性将为理解和利用复杂性状的遗传控制提供巨大的机会，以造福家禽群，英国家禽业，消费者和环境。

项目成果

Towards the selection of chickens resistant to Salmonella and Campylobacter infections.

选择对沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌感染有抵抗力的鸡。

• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Bulletin et memoires de l'Academie royale de medecine de Belgique
• 作者: Kaiser P