Minimal Access Navigated Orthopaedic Surgery (MAcNavOS)

该项目结合了图像配准和形状建模方面的最新进展，这项创新可能会给一种非常常见的矫形手术带来革命性的变化：全髋关节置换。这应该会对程序的准确性和侵入性带来重大改进。通过我们的行业合作伙伴，我们可以获得大量患者的CT扫描。我们第一次提议生成髋关节骨骼形状及其在人群中的变化的计算机模型(统计形状模型)，具有足够的统计能力来充分开发这些模型在实际应用中的潜力：生成手术计划和指导手术过程。我们将开展统计形状模型定义的基础工作，仔细分析需要多少数据集才能以足够的精度为我们的应用指定模型，并确定是否需要针对亚群体或特定疾病的特定形状模型。我们将设计新的方法来实例化(重建)这些模型，以使用现成的、低成本的X射线和超声成像来指导特定患者的手术。我们的新方法将在身体数据上进行测试，并作为相关DTI技术方案项目的一部分，将与商业电磁跟踪技术集成到用于全髋关节置换的商业图像引导系统中并进行评估。有了这个系统，外科医生将能够拍摄手术前总是拍摄的术前X射线图像，并在手术室中对患者进行几次超声波探头扫描，生成手术计划，以指导他/她放置新假体。这将在不需要昂贵的CT扫描和目前方法所需的侵入性骨骼暴露的情况下完成。这将极大地促进将新的微创手术引入这一应用。

This project brings together recent advances in image registration and shape modelling in an innovation that could revolutionise a very common orthopaedic procedure: total hip replacement. This should bring major improvements to the accuracy and invasiveness of the procedure. Through our industrial collaborator we have access to substantial numbers of CT scans of patients. For the first time we are proposing generation of a computer model of the shapes of the bones of the hip joint, and their variation across the population (a statistical shape model), with sufficient statistical power to fully exploit the potential of these models in a real application: generation of surgical plans and guidance of a surgical procedure. We will undertake fundamental work in statistical shape model definition, carefully analyse how many datasets are required to specify the model with sufficient accuracy for our application and define whether or not specific shape models for sub populations, or particular diseases are required. We will devise new methods for instantiating (reconstructing) these models to guide a particular patient's operation using readily available and low-cost X-ray and ultrasound imaging. Our new methodology will be tested on cadaver data and as part of the associated DTI Technology Programme project will be integrated with commercial electromagnetic tracking technologies into a commercial image guidance system for total hip replacement and evaluated. With this system a surgeon will be able to take the pre-operative X-ray image that is always taken prior to surgery and, with a few sweeps of an ultrasound probe over the patient in the operating room, generate a surgical plan to guide him/her in the placement of the new prosthesis. This will be done without expensive radiation delivering CT scanning and the invasive exposure of bone required in current methods. It will greatly facilitate the introduction of new minimally invasive procedures to this application.