Drug Use in Latin American Youth: Longitudinal Study from Infancy to Adolescence

拉丁美洲青少年吸毒情况：从婴儿期到青春期的纵向研究

• 批准号: 7413612
• 负责人: Jorge Delva
• 金额: $ 55.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-23 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7413612
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; American; Animal Model; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Buffers; Build-it; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Chile; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; Dependence; Development; Disease; Divorce; Dopamine; Drug usage; Enrollment; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Family; Family Violence; Hispanics; Human; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Iron; Iron deficiency anemia; Joints; Latin America; Lead; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Experience; Longitudinal Studies; Malnutrition; Marijuana; Mediation; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Neurocognitive; Neurosecretory Systems; Numbers; Nursery Schools; Nutrient; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Psychopathology; Range; Relative Risks; Religion and Spirituality; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Self Medication; Social Problems; Spirituality; Staging; Stressful Event; Substance abuse problem; System; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Youth; boys; design; dopamine system; early onset; experience; girls; infancy; knowledge base; parental influence; prevent; programs; prospective; protective effect; response; social; stressor; teenage mother; tobacco exposure

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of substance use is disproportionately high among Hispanic youth in the U.S., and substance use is increasing in Latin America. Yet substance use in Hispanic populations is vastly understudied. The relatively few studies with Hispanics consist mainly of cross-sectional samples or very short longitudinal designs (e.g., 2-3 years). They tend to rely on samples of school-attending youth and do not include information on biological insults that might impact later substance use. The proposed project addresses many of these limitations. It builds on an extraordinary sample of over 1,200 young Chilean adolescents and their families, who have been followed longitudinally since infancy. The sample was originally enrolled in conjunction with a NIH-supported study of the behavioral and developmental effects of preventing iron deficiency anemia in infancy. Comprehensive information on biological, individual, familial, and environmental factors was obtained in infancy and at 5 and 10 years. The children will be 11-15 years at the start of the proposed project, an age period when initiation of substance use, especially alcohol and tobacco, is exceptionally high in Chile. We propose to identify developmental pathways of substance use, abuse, and dependence in early to late adolescence. In the proposed five-year study we plan to conduct two comprehensive assessments of all adolescent-mother dyads, approximately two years apart. Guided by a life-course approach, we propose to investigate 3 Specific Aims: Aim 1) To longitudinally characterize individual, familial, and environmental factors from infancy through adolescence that increase or decrease drug involvement in adolescence; Aim 2) To identify cognitive, behavioral, and social consequences of substance use through an at-risk period and beyond; and Aim 3) To determine the effects of a probable insult to the dopamine system in infancy (iron deficiency) on substance use and abuse in adolescence. Findings from the proposed study can contribute to our understanding of the etiology and prevention of substance use and abuse in two important ways: 1) To further the identification of pathways of drug involvement among Hispanic youth; and 2) To study developmental pathways of substance use within a multiple domain context that ranges from the biological to the environmental over a 15-year period.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，西班牙裔青年中物质使用的流行率不成比例地高，在拉丁美洲，药物的使用正在增加。然而，西班牙裔人口的物质使用却严重不足。相对较少的西班牙裔研究主要包括横截面样本或非常短的纵向设计（例如，2-3年）。它们往往依赖于在校青年的样本，而不包括可能影响以后使用药物的生物侮辱的信息。拟议的项目解决了其中许多限制。它建立在一个超过1,200名智利青少年及其家庭的非凡样本的基础上，这些青少年从婴儿期起就被纵向跟踪。该样本最初是与NIH支持的一项关于预防婴儿缺铁性贫血的行为和发育影响的研究一起招募的。在婴儿期以及5岁和10岁时获得了关于生物、个体、家族和环境因素的综合信息。在拟议项目开始时，儿童将为11至15岁，这是智利开始使用药物，特别是酒精和烟草的年龄段。我们建议确定物质使用，滥用和依赖在青春期早期到晚期的发展途径。在拟议的五年期研究中，我们计划对所有单亲-母亲对进行两次全面评估，大约间隔两年。在生命过程方法的指导下，我们提出了3个具体的目的：目的1）纵向表征从婴儿期到青春期的个体，家庭和环境因素，增加或减少青少年的药物参与;目的2）确定在危险期及以后的认知，行为和社会后果的物质使用;和目标3）确定婴儿期多巴胺系统可能受到的损害（缺铁）对青春期药物使用和滥用的影响。从拟议的研究结果可以有助于我们的病因学和预防物质使用和滥用的理解在两个重要的方面：1）进一步确定西班牙裔青年之间的药物参与的途径;和2）在多个领域的背景下，范围从生物到环境在15年的时间内研究物质使用的发展途径。