权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Wide Speed Range Sensorless AC Motor Drives, including Operation at Zero-Frequency, without using Test Signals

宽速范围无传感器交流电机驱动器，包括零频率操作，无需使用测试信号

基本信息

批准号：
EP/D069017/1
负责人：
Mark Sumner
金额：
$ 42.47万
依托单位：
University of Nottingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD069017%2F1
关键词：
Wide Speed Range Sensorless AC

项目摘要

A sensorless electric motor drive is the popular term for drives which do not use shaft mounted speed or position sensors. Sensorless operation is highly desirable for reasons of cost, simplicity and system integrity. However, it is well known that there are serious problems with sensorless motor drive control at zero and low speeds and this has been one of the main research topics in this field for many years. The conventional method for sensorless control, used in commercial products, is to estimate the machine flux and speed using a mathematical model of the motor. Below 1 to 2% base speed however, position and speed estimation using such a model deteriorates and speed and torque control is lost. There has been a recent impetus for zero speed sensorless drives for more-electric aircraft and vehicular applications. For the former, there is a requirement for direct electromechanical (EM) actuation of critical actuators in which locking of the mechanical transmission is not permissible. In the vehicular field direct EM drives will be required for the main drive train, and for power steering, active suspension and braking actuation. One approach to the solution of the zero speed problem, which does not require a machine model, has been to exploit the natural asymmetries or saliencies in AC machines. These saliencies are cause by magnetic flux saturation and the geometry of the construction of the motor itself. Flux or rotor position can then be tracked by processing the current response to a test voltage signal injection overlaid on the supplied motor voltage. These signal injection methods are now quite well understood, but do contribute to increased accoustic noise, reduced efficiency, the requirement for additional sensors, and an increase in bearing wear and electrical stress within the machine windings.The current proposal aims to overcome the above disadvantages by developing methodologies by which:1) No signal injection is required, the method being integrated with the fundamental voltage applied to the drive via the power converter. This eliminates the problems of extra noise, losses, bearing wear and electrical stresses.2) The requirements for sensors is substantially reduced (depending on the application). For bespoke applications (e.g. aerospace, automotive), the aim will be for one current sensor and one low cost di/dt sensor. For industrial standard drives the target aim is to use only the existing line current sensors. These aims are quite challenging. Mathematical feasibility of a non-signal injection method has been shown at Nottingham and the technique is currently subject to patent at the University. Practical investigation is now possible owing to advances in high-accuracy timing and sampling available in low-cost digital control systems.

无传感器电机驱动器是不使用轴安装速度或位置传感器的驱动器的流行术语。出于成本、简单性和系统完整性的原因，无传感器操作是非常期望的。然而，众所周知，在零速度和低速下无传感器电机驱动控制存在严重的问题，这多年来一直是该领域的主要研究课题之一。用于商业产品的无传感器控制的常规方法是使用电机的数学模型来估计机器通量和速度。然而，低于1%至2%的基本速度，使用这种模型的位置和速度估计恶化，并且失去速度和转矩控制。最近，零速度无传感器驱动器被用于更多的电动飞机和车辆应用。对于前者，要求关键致动器的直接机电（EM）致动，其中不允许机械传动的锁定。在车辆领域，主传动系、动力转向、主动悬架和制动驱动都需要直接电磁驱动。解决零速问题的一种方法是利用AC电机中的自然不对称性或凸极性，该方法不需要电机模型。这些凸极是由磁通饱和和电机本身的几何结构引起的。然后可以通过处理对叠加在所提供的电动机电压上的测试电压信号注入的电流响应来跟踪通量或转子位置。这些信号注入方法现在已经被很好地理解了，但是确实会增加声学噪声，降低效率，需要额外的传感器，以及增加轴承磨损和电机绕组内的电应力。当前的建议旨在通过开发以下方法来克服上述缺点：1）不需要信号注入，该方法与通过功率转换器施加到驱动器的基波电压集成。这消除了额外的噪音、损耗、轴承磨损和电气应力等问题。2）对传感器的要求大大降低（取决于应用）。对于定制应用（例如航空航天、汽车），目标将是一个电流传感器和一个低成本di/dt传感器。对于工业标准驱动器，目标是仅使用现有的线电流传感器。这些目标相当具有挑战性。诺丁汉大学已经证明了非信号注入方法的数学可行性，该技术目前正在申请该大学的专利。由于低成本数字控制系统中高精度定时和采样的进步，现在可以进行实际调查。