Eye-Gaze tracking of normal listeners to alaryngeal speech

正常听众对喉部言语的眼睛注视跟踪

• 批准号: 7293606
• 负责人: Paul Michael Evitts
• 金额: $ 5.56万
• 依托单位: WEST CHESTER UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-26 至 2008-12-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7293606
• 关键词: Acoustics; Affect; Air; Alaryngeal Speech; Anatomy; Area; Attention; Auditory; Behavior; Cognitive; Communication impairment; Cues; Data; Development; Devices; Disease; Dysarthria; Esophageal; Esophagus; Eye; Future; Grant; Hearing; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Laryngectomy; Larynx; Lead; Lip structure; Literature; Malignant neoplasm of larynx; Mandible; Measures; Mechanics; Motor; Movement; Noise; Numbers; Oral; Oropharyngeal; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Phonetics; Play; Population; Process; Production; Purpose; Quality of life; Rate; Reaction; Reporting; Research; Resistance; Role; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Disorders; Speech Intelligibility; Stomas; Techniques; Therapeutic; Time; Video Recording; Visual; Voice; Work; comparative; digital; experience; field study; foot; gaze; impression; insight; interest; kinematics; pressure; research study; social; therapy development; visual information

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Individuals who have had a laryngectomy (IWL) and who use an alternative form of voice (i.e., tracheosophageal [TE], esophageal [ES], electrolaryngeal [EL]) have reduced speech intelligibility. Much research has been done identifying factors that may contribute to the reductions in speech intelligibility (e.g., acoustic, aerodynamic, kinematic) but these studies have focused on the speaker and not the listener. Other areas of communication disorders have recognized the importance of the listener when discussing speech intelligibility. For example, increased intelligibility has been reported for normal listeners who were familiarized with a specific form of motor speech disorder (e.g., Liss et al, 2002) or who were provided visual cues in addition to the speech signal (e.g., Hustad & Garcia, 2005). Other than the listener's role on speech intelligibility, the role of visual information and increased speech intelligibility has been well documented for normal and hearing-impaired listeners (e.g., Brenatari & Wolk, 1986; Walden, Busacco, & Montgomery, 1993). However, few studies exist that look at the effects of visual information on speech intelligibility with disordered speakers. It is reasonable to suspect that listeners may behave differently with a disordered speaker than a normal speaker. For instance, listeners may be distracted by a stoma, altered anatomy, or other extraneous movements inherent to alaryngeal speech production (e.g., digital occlusion with TE speech, injection of air into the esophagus for ES, the presence of a mechanical device with EL speech). Furthermore, the listener may be receiving incongruent auditory and visual information (i.e., the McGurk Effect; McGurk & McDonald) because of these changes in anatomy or speech patterns. The purpose of this experiment will be to investigate the role of visual information on normal listeners when presented with alaryngeal speech. This will be accomplished by tracking the eye-gaze behaviors of normal listeners when presented with both normal, laryngeal and alaryngeal speech. Specific aims (SA) of the project are to: 1) determine normal listener eye-gaze behavior during conversation with a normal, laryngeal speaker (Experiment 1), 2) determine normal listener eye-gaze behavior during conversation with proficient, high-intelligibility alaryngeal speakers (Experiment 1), and 3) determine normal listener eye-gaze behavior during conversation with low/moderate-intelligibility alaryngeal speakers (Experiment 2). Future work involving eye-gaze tracking behavior and laryngeal cancer will: 1) lead to a more complete understanding of the decreases in speech intelligibility experienced by IWL, 2) lead to the development of therapeutic approaches that target increased alaryngeal speech intelligibility, and 3) provide a more complete understanding of potential listener reactions or behaviors that IWL may experience.

描述（由申请人提供）：患有喉切除术（IWL）并使用替代形式的语音（即气管食管[TE]，食管[ES]，Electrolaryngeal [El]）的个人降低了语音清晰度。已经完成了许多研究，以确定可能导致语音清晰度降低的因素（例如，声学，空气动力学，运动学），但这些研究集中在说话者而不是听众上。在讨论语音清晰度时，其他沟通障碍领域已经认识到听众的重要性。例如，已经报道了熟悉特定形式的运动语音障碍（例如Liss等，2002）或除了语音信号之外还提供视觉提示的普通听众（例如Hustad＆Garcia，2005年）。除了听众在语音清晰度方面的作用外，视觉信息和语音清晰度提高的作用已被充分记录在正常和听力受损的听众（例如Brenatari＆Wolk，1986; Walden，Busacco和Montgomery，1993）。但是，很少有研究能够看待视觉信息对语音说话者的言语清晰度的影响。可以合理地怀疑，听众的行为可能与不混乱的说话者不同于普通人。例如，听众可能会因造口，解剖学的改变或其他无关运动而分心（例如，具有TE语音的数字遮挡，将空气注入ES的食管，具有EL语音的机械装置）。此外，由于解剖学或语音模式的这些变化，听众可能会收到不一致的听觉和视觉信息（即McGurk效应； McGurk＆McDonald）。该实验的目的是调查视觉信息对正常听众的作用。这将通过在出现正常，喉和倾斜度语音时跟踪正常听众的眼睛凝视行为来实现。该项目的具体目的（SA）是：1）确定与正常的喉头扬声器对话（实验1），2）确定正常的听众眼睛凝视行为，2）2）2）确定与熟练的，高智能的Alaryngeal扬声器（实验1）和3）确定正常的听众眼神的行为（在低/次数中的扬声器）进行实验2（Eligner-Elightibles and Enseremnecrigence and Entreligent and Entreligentegnegialge）（实验）（实验1）。未来的工作涉及目光凝视跟踪行为和喉癌的工作将：1）对IWL所经历的语音清晰度的降低有了更全面的了解，2）导致靶向靶向增加Alaryngeal语音清晰度的治疗方法，而3）提供了对潜在的听众反应或行为可能会经历IWL可能会经历的。