Mechanisms conferring risk for psychopathology in stigmatized groups

赋予受污名群体精神病理学风险的机制

• 批准号: 7483355
• 负责人: Mark Louis Hatzenbuehler
• 金额: $ 4.1万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7483355
• 关键词: Adolescent; African American; Anger; Anxiety; Attitude; Awareness; Bisexual; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Development; Discrimination; Emotions; Feeling hopeless; Future; Gays; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Lesbian; Loneliness; Mediating; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Process; Prospective Studies; Psychopathology; Public Health; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Social Psychology; Social isolation; Staging; Stigmata; Stress; Symptoms; Theoretical model; Time; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; age group; base; cohort; coping; depressive symptoms; emotion regulation; experience; improved; insight; member; psychologic; social; social stigma; stressor; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stigma is a risk factor for adverse mental health outcomes among several groups, including gays, lesbians and bisexuals (LGB), African-Americans, and the overweight/obese. The mechanisms conferring this risk, however, remain inadequately understood, hindering the development of effective interventions for these vulnerable populations. Through integrating research, theory and methods from clinical and social psychology, the present investigation seeks to understand how stigma contributes to psychopathology. The author proposes a theoretical model hypothesizing that experiences of stigma render individuals more vulnerable to established psychological and social risk factors that confer risk for psychopathology. The predictive utility and generalizability of this model will be examined in a longitudinal, prospective study among a community-based cohort of approximately 2,100 adolescents (grades 5-12). Stigma-related stressors are particularly pervasive among LGB, African-American and obese/overweight youth, but research with this age group has been lacking. Thus, the present proposal will advance our understanding of the ways in which stigma leads to psychopathology during this significant developmental period. Specific aims of the proposed work are to: (1) document stigma-related stress as a risk factor for the development of internalizing symptoms in a longitudinal sample of adolescents; (2) establish specific cognitive, emotion regulation, and social processes as sequelae of stigma-related stress; (3) determine whether these processes mediate the relationship between stigma and internalizing symptoms; and (4) evaluate the generalizability of the proposed etiologic model through the examination of three stigmatized groups. The results of the study have the potential to provide new insights into an important public health problem. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Because efforts to improve attitudes towards stigmatized individuals involve protracted changes over time, clinical interventions are needed for those currently experiencing mental health problems that result from stigma. This study highlights several processes including cognitive, emotion regulation and social sequelae of stigma that are modifiable through existing treatments. The results will therefore set the stage for the development of theory-based preventive interventions that seek to reduce the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among members of various stigmatized groups.

描述（由申请人提供）：污名是几个群体中不良心理健康结果的风险因素，包括男同性恋者、女同性恋者和双性恋者（LGB）、非洲裔美国人和超重/肥胖者。然而，人们对造成这种风险的机制仍然认识不足，阻碍了为这些弱势群体制定有效的干预措施。通过整合临床心理学和社会心理学的研究、理论和方法，本研究试图了解污名对精神病理学的影响。作者提出了一个理论模型，假设污名的经验，使个人更容易受到既定的心理和社会风险因素，赋予精神病理学的风险。该模型的预测效用和普遍性将在一项纵向前瞻性研究中进行检查，该研究以社区为基础，约有2，100名青少年（5-12年级）。与耻辱相关的压力源在LGB，非洲裔美国人和肥胖/超重青年中特别普遍，但缺乏对这一年龄组的研究。因此，目前的建议将促进我们的方式，污名导致精神病理学在这一重要的发展时期的理解。本研究的具体目标是：（1）在纵向样本中，将污名相关压力作为内化症状发展的一个危险因素进行记录;（2）建立特定的认知、情绪调节和社会过程作为污名相关压力的后遗症;（3）确定这些过程是否介导污名和内化症状之间的关系;（4）通过对三个污名化群体的检验，评估所提出的病因学模型的普遍性。这项研究的结果有可能为一个重要的公共卫生问题提供新的见解。公共卫生关系：由于努力改善对污名化个人的态度涉及长期的变化，需要临床干预，目前正在经历的心理健康问题，导致耻辱。这项研究强调了几个过程，包括认知，情绪调节和社会后遗症的耻辱，是可以通过现有的治疗。因此，研究结果将为制定以理论为基础的预防性干预措施奠定基础，这些干预措施旨在降低各种污名化群体成员的精神病发病率。