Reactive Intermediates of Oxidative Lipid Fragmentation

氧化脂质断裂的反应中间体

• 批准号: 7415052
• 负责人: Robert Gerd Salomon
• 金额: $ 25.18万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7415052
• 关键词: Address; Age related macular degeneration; Aldehydes; Animal Tarsus; Biological; Biomimetics; Chemistry; Complex Mixtures; Condition; DNA Sequence Rearrangement; Environment; Exhibits; Exposure to; Eye; Fostering; Free Radicals; Generations; Genetic; Goals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Individual; Knowledge; Light; Lipid Peroxides; Lipids; Measures; Metals; Methods; Molecular; Mono-S; Organelles; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Phospholipids; Photosensitizing Agents; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Production; Rattus; Reaction; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Retina; Retinal; Route; Sampling; Singlet Oxygen; Skeletal system; Standards of Weights and Measures; Study models; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Visible Radiation; base; catalyst; cofactor; cytotoxic; design; diene; in vitro Model; in vivo; inhibitor/antagonist; interest; novel; oxidation; prevent; programs

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall objective of the project is to provide a fundamental mechanistic basis for the rational design of therapeutic measures to prevent or ameliorate the pathological consequences of lipid oxidation, for example, by blocking the formation of certain toxic products that damage the retina resulting in age-related macular degeneration. Our immediate goal is to understand oxidative fragmentation reactions of polyunsaturated fatty acyl derivatives that generate a complex mixture of oxidatively truncated phospholipids (oxPCs) and aliphatic lipid fragments. These fragmentation products exhibit diverse and often pathological biological activities. Mutagenic epoxyalkenals and cytotoxic hydroxyalkenals are of particular interest. Knowledge of the chemistry of the reactive intermediates involved in their generation is important for understanding how environmental or genetic factors can promote their formation. Our recent observations showed that exposure to intense light generates significant levels of biologically active oxPCs in rat retinas, and demonstrated that oxPCs can be produced through non free radical pathways that involve singlet, i.e., photoexcited, oxygen. Although the generation of singlet oxygen has been suspected of having pathological significance, an understanding of the molecular basis of the consequent retinal pathology is sorely lacking. The project focuses on studying key intermediates that are not stable under the oxidative fragmentation reaction conditions. Three basic questions will be addressed: (1) are the putative intermediates actually involved, and if so (2) what products are generated by their decomposition and (3) by what mechanism(s) do they fragment? In some cases, they will be trapped as stable derivatives to confirm their involvement. To provide ample quantities of some reactive intermediates, unambiguous total syntheses will be designed and executed. The authentic samples will be used as standards for establishing methods to detect and quantify levels of the intermediates in oxidation reaction product mixtures and in vivo. Their generation and conversion into toxic or innocuous end products will then be investigated. We will determine the influences of (1) environments such as those found in different organelles or associated with pathological conditions, (2) levels of cofactors, or (3) oxidation initiating systems and inhibitors, on the production of the reactive intermediates and on the relative importance of various pathways for their subsequent transformations.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的总体目标是为合理设计治疗措施提供基本的机制基础，以预防或改善脂质氧化的病理后果，例如，通过阻断某些损害视网膜的毒性产物的形成，从而导致年龄相关性黄斑变性。我们的直接目标是了解多不饱和脂肪酰基衍生物的氧化断裂反应，产生氧化截断磷脂（oxPCs）和脂肪族脂质片段的复杂混合物。这些片段化产物表现出多种多样的且常常是病理性的生物活性。诱变性环氧烯醛和细胞毒性羟基烯醛是特别感兴趣的。了解其生成过程中所涉及的活性中间体的化学性质对于了解环境或遗传因素如何促进其形成非常重要。我们最近的观察表明，暴露于强光在大鼠视网膜中产生显著水平的生物活性oxPC，并证明oxPC可以通过涉及单线态的非自由基途径产生，即，光激发的氧。虽然单线态氧的产生被怀疑具有病理学意义，但对随之发生的视网膜病理学的分子基础的理解非常缺乏。 该项目的重点是研究在氧化裂解反应条件下不稳定的关键中间体。三个基本问题将得到解决：（1）假定的中间体实际上参与，如果是这样的话，（2）什么产品是由他们的分解和（3）通过什么机制（S）他们的碎片？在某些情况下，它们将被困为稳定的衍生品，以确认它们的参与。为了提供足够数量的活性中间体，将设计和执行明确的全合成。真实样品将用作标准品，用于建立检测和定量氧化反应产物混合物和体内中间体水平的方法。然后将研究它们的产生和转化为有毒或无害的最终产品。我们将确定（1）环境，如在不同细胞器中发现的或与病理条件相关的环境，（2）辅因子水平，或（3）氧化引发系统和抑制剂对活性中间体产生的影响，以及对各种途径的相对重要性。