MEASURING AND MODELLING BUBBLE COALESCENCE AND FROTH STABILITY TO INCREASE MINERAL FLOTATION AND REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
测量和模拟气泡聚结和泡沫稳定性,以提高矿物浮选率并减少对环境的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:EP/E028756/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 48.57万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2007
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2007 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Mineral ores contain only a small fraction of valuable metal. Enormous tonnages of waste material are therefore generated as a result of mining. These waste dumps contain a huge amount of residual sulphur and metals (e.g. Cu, Fe, As, Pb and Hg), but at such low concentrations that they cannot be recovered economically. Over time, the residual sulphur leaches out as sulphuric acid causing acid mine drainage and mobilising the heavy metals; a huge and long-term environmental problem.Froth flotation is the prime separation process used for collecting selectively the small fraction of valuable mineral from a mined ore, and is based on differences in particle hydrophobicity. A flotation froth is similar to the foam of a beer being poured into a glass; it is generated from the bottom and bubbles overflow the edge or burst on the surface. In flotation, the bubbles carry the valuable, hydrophobic mineral with them. Current limits on flotation efficiency mean that approximately 95% of the metal and sulphur can be recovered economically, the remainder is discarded onto the waste dumps.The unintentional collection of waste, non-valuable minerals by entrainment from the pulp into the froth is the key flotation inefficiency and places an economic limit on the fraction of valuable mineral recovered. If entrainment can be reduced, the sulphur and metals recovered economically can be increased. This will increase the sustainability of the mineral resource by producing more metal from each ton of ore mined, while also reducing the potential environmental impact of the discarded minerals.Froth physics determines the flotation efficiency. Physics-based models of flotation have been very successful at interpreting flotation performance and predicting the effect of process changes on entrainment. However, appropriate physical models do not currently exist for the change in bubble size in the froth between the pulp and the froth surface (bubble coalescence), and the fraction of air entering the froth that leaves by bursting on the surface rather than overflowing the flotation tank edge (froth stability). Bubble coalescence and froth stability determine to a significant extent the mineral collection rate and the inefficiency due to entrainment in the separation. This severely limits the utility of existing froth simulations as it does not allow either confident equipment design or process modification.This project will improve flotation efficiency by developing measurement techniques and models of bubble coalescence and froth bursting. Techniques will be developed to measure experimentally the bubble size change between the bottom and top of the froth, and the loading of particles on the bubble lamellae. The models will be based on particle-stabilised film physics. The measurements will be used to verify and test the models. The models will then be incorporated into an existing flotation simulator.Equipment designs and process modifications that reduce entrainment will be produced by simulation. Appropriate designs and modifications will be implemented on a mining operation and evaluated. The goal is to reduce the sulphur and metal discarded by at least 50%. This will significantly reduce the environmental impact of mining, and enhance the sustainability of metal production.
矿石中只含有一小部分有价金属。因此,采矿产生了大量的废物。这些废料场含有大量的剩余硫和金属(如铜、铁、砷、铅和汞),但浓度太低,无法以经济的方式回收。随着时间的推移,残留的硫以硫酸的形式渗出,导致酸性矿山废水和重金属的活化;这是一个巨大的长期环境问题。起泡浮选是从已开采的矿石中选择性地收集一小部分有价值矿物的主要分离工艺,基于颗粒疏水性的差异。漂浮泡沫类似于倒入玻璃杯中的啤酒泡沫;它从底部产生,气泡溢出边缘或在表面破裂。在浮选过程中,气泡携带着有价值的疏水矿物。目前对浮选效率的限制意味着,大约95%的金属和硫可以经济地回收,其余的被丢弃到废渣堆中。通过将废矿浆卷吸到泡沫中而无意地收集废旧、无价值的矿物是浮选效率低下的关键,并对回收的有价值矿物的比例设定了经济限制。如果能减少夹带,就能增加经济回收的硫和金属。这将提高矿产资源的可持续性,因为每开采一吨矿石就能生产更多的金属,同时还可以减少废弃矿物对环境的潜在影响。泡沫物理决定了浮选效率。基于物理的浮选模型在解释浮选性能和预测工艺变化对夹带的影响方面取得了很大的成功。然而,目前还没有合适的物理模型来描述纸浆和泡沫表面之间泡沫中气泡大小的变化(气泡合并),以及进入泡沫的空气通过在表面破裂而不是溢出浮选槽边缘而离开的比例(泡沫稳定性)。气泡的聚结和泡沫的稳定性在很大程度上决定了矿物的捕收率和分离过程中夹带的效率。这严重限制了现有泡沫模拟的实用性,因为它既不允许有信心的设备设计,也不允许对流程进行修改。该项目将通过开发气泡合并和泡沫破裂的测量技术和模型来提高浮选效率。将开发技术来实验测量泡沫底部和顶部之间的气泡大小变化,以及气泡薄片上的颗粒负载。这些模型将基于粒子稳定的薄膜物理。测量结果将用于验证和测试模型。然后,这些模型将被整合到现有的浮选模拟器中。通过模拟,将产生减少夹带的设备设计和工艺修改。将对采矿作业进行适当的设计和修改,并对其进行评估。目标是将废弃的硫磺和金属减少至少50%。这将大大减少采矿对环境的影响,并增强金属生产的可持续性。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(8)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
A dynamic flotation model for predictive control incorporating froth physics. Part II: Model calibration and validation
- DOI:10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107190
- 发表时间:2021-09-21
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.8
- 作者:Quintanilla, Paulina;Neethling, Stephen J.;Brito-Parada, Pablo R.
- 通讯作者:Brito-Parada, Pablo R.
A dynamic flotation model for predictive control incorporating froth physics. Part I: Model development
- DOI:10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107192
- 发表时间:2021-09-17
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.8
- 作者:Quintanilla, Paulina;Neethling, Stephen J.;Brito-Parada, Pablo R.
- 通讯作者:Brito-Parada, Pablo R.
Geometry and Topology of Two-Dimensional Dry Foams: Computer Simulation and Experimental Characterization.
二维干泡沫的几何和拓扑:计算机模拟和实验表征。
- DOI:10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03663
- 发表时间:2017
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Tong M
- 通讯作者:Tong M
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Jan Cilliers其他文献
The influence of surface-wall roughness on hydrocyclone performance
壁面粗糙度对水力旋流器性能的影响
- DOI:
10.1016/j.seppur.2024.131109 - 发表时间:
2025-07-08 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.000
- 作者:
Arjun Kumar Pukkella;Dennis Vega-Garcia;Kathryn Hadler;Jan Cilliers - 通讯作者:
Jan Cilliers
Hybrid lunar ISRU plant: A comparative analysis with carbothermal reduction and water extraction
混合月球原位资源利用(ISRU)工厂:与碳热还原和水提取的比较分析
- DOI:
10.1016/j.actaastro.2025.02.004 - 发表时间:
2025-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.400
- 作者:
Kosuke Ikeya;Francisco J. Guerrero-Gonzalez;Luca Kiewiet;Michel-Alexandre Cardin;Jan Cilliers;Stanley Starr;Kathryn Hadler - 通讯作者:
Kathryn Hadler
Design of parabolic conic gas cyclones for coarse particle classification: A CFD study with Response Surface Methodology
用于粗颗粒分级的抛物线圆锥形气体旋风分离器的设计:采用响应面方法的 CFD 研究
- DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2023.119217 - 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:
Arjun Kumar Pukkella;Jan Cilliers;K. Hadler - 通讯作者:
K. Hadler
Influence of conic shape on bypass and cut-size in hydrocyclones
圆锥形状对水力旋流器中旁路和切割粒径的影响
- DOI:
10.1016/j.seppur.2024.131224 - 发表时间:
2025-07-19 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.000
- 作者:
Arjun Kumar Pukkella;Dennis Vega-Garcia;Kathryn Hadler;Jan Cilliers - 通讯作者:
Jan Cilliers
Jan Cilliers的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Jan Cilliers', 18)}}的其他基金
Fabrication of re-usable materials based on mineral particulates
基于矿物颗粒的可重复使用材料的制造
- 批准号:
EP/D027942/1 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 48.57万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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