Redox-Active Fe-Bearing Clay-Coated Sand for Groundwater Remediation

用于地下水修复的氧化还原活性含铁粘土包覆砂

• 批准号: EP/E03750X/1
• 负责人: Claire Fialips
• 金额: $ 26.81万
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE03750X%2F1
• 关键词: Redox; Active; Fe; Bearing; Clay

None of the industrialized or developing countries has adequately protected its aquifers against domestic, agricultural and industrial contaminants and groundwater pollution is at an all time high in many parts of the world. In the UK, the quality of almost half of the groundwater used for public supply is estimated to be compromised, resulting in high capital and operating costs and increasing water charges for the consumer. The scale and urgency of the problem is largely recognised and managing authorities in the UK and across the EU are continuously revising their approach to pollution control or abatement. The EC Water Framework Directive now requires that surface, coastal and underground waters meet 'good status' within all the member states by 2015. With only 9 years to go, initiatives to develop and implement cost-effective and sustainable water remediation technologies are crucially needed.The proposed project aims to develop and demonstrate the efficiency and durability of a novel reactive material to be used in the design of permeable reactive barriers for the remediation of contaminated groundwater. The proposed research is cutting-edge in that, for the first time ever, it will take advantage of the unique ability of some polymers in efficiently binding clay particles to the surface of sand grains and will exploit the now well recognised ability of reduced Fe-bearing smectites in promoting the degradation of various organic compounds.The new Fe-bearing clay-coated sands are expected to efficiently immobilize and/or remediate a wide range of inorganic and organic contaminants, including nitroaromatics and chlorinated compounds, and may therefore be self-sufficient for the treatment of certain complex groundwater plumes. They are also expected to be a more sustainable and possibly a more cost-effective alternative than other reactive materials commonly used in PRBs, including zero valent iron.The proposed project will be completed in 2 years and will involve bench-scale experiments simulating field-conditions and will be conducted using state-of-the-art facilities and a multi-disciplinary approach, associating clay science, rock/soil mechanics, and organic geochemistry. The first 16 months of the project will allow identifying adequate procedures for making clay-coated sands of required permeability for use in PRBs and will help evaluate their stability and hydraulic properties as a function of pH changes and iron-reduction. The last 8 months will allow assessing the remediation performance of the porous materials under laboratory simulated PRB conditions using nitrobenzene as model contaminant. The estimated cost-effectiveness of the clay-coated sands will be compared with data available in the literature for other reactive materials commonly used in PRBs.The results of the project are crucially needed to inform the scientific community, policymakers, managers and stakeholders on the relevance of the new clay-based reactive material. The fundamental understanding to be gained will be used to attract industrial partners in the UK and advocate the deployment of a pilot-scale PRB technology for the remediation of contaminated groundwater using a Fe-bearing clay-coated sand of adequate permeability.

没有一个工业化国家或发展中国家充分保护其含水层不受家庭、农业和工业污染，而在世界许多地方，地下水污染达到了空前的高度。在英国，用于公共供水的近一半地下水的质量估计受到损害，导致高资本和运营成本，并增加了消费者的水费。问题的严重性和紧迫性已得到广泛认可，英国和整个欧盟的管理当局正在不断修订污染控制或减少的方法。欧盟水框架指令现在要求所有成员国的地表水、沿海水和地下水到2015年达到“良好状态”。在仅剩9年的时间里，迫切需要开发和实施具有成本效益和可持续的水修复技术。拟议的项目旨在开发和展示一种新型反应材料的效率和耐久性，该材料将用于设计可渗透反应屏障，以修复受污染的地下水。拟议的研究是前沿的，有史以来第一次，它将利用一些聚合物有效地将粘土颗粒结合到沙粒表面的独特能力，并将利用现在公认的还原含铁蒙脱石促进各种有机化合物降解的能力。新的含铁粘土包覆砂有望有效地固定和/或修复广泛的无机和有机污染物，包括硝基芳烃和氯化化合物，因此可能自给自足地处理某些复杂的地下水流。与PRBs中常用的其他反应材料（包括零价铁）相比，它们也有望成为一种更具可持续性和可能更具成本效益的替代品。拟议的项目将在两年内完成，将涉及模拟现场条件的实验规模实验，并将使用最先进的设备和多学科方法，将粘土科学，岩石/土壤力学和有机地球化学联系起来。项目的前16个月将确定适当的程序，以制作用于PRBs所需渗透率的粘土包覆砂，并将有助于评估其稳定性和水力性能，作为pH变化和铁还原的功能。最后8个月将以硝基苯为模型污染物，评估多孔材料在实验室模拟PRB条件下的修复性能。粘土包覆砂的估计成本效益将与PRBs中常用的其他反应材料的文献数据进行比较。该项目的结果对于告知科学界、政策制定者、管理者和利益相关者关于新型粘土基反应材料的相关性至关重要。获得的基本理解将用于吸引英国的工业合作伙伴，并倡导部署试点规模的PRB技术，使用具有足够渗透性的含铁粘土包覆砂来修复受污染的地下水。