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The EmergeNET: Towards a Unifying Investigation in Emergence, Emergent Phenomena and Complexity

EmergeNET：对涌现、涌现现象和复杂性进行统一研究

基本信息

批准号：
EP/E061931/1
负责人：
Cristina Cerulli
金额：
$ 1.04万
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE061931%2F1
关键词：
EmergeNET Towards Unifying Investigation Emergence

项目摘要

The very definition of complexity and emergence is itself a non-trivial problem. Complexity refers to situations where many simple interacting parts produce an unexpected collective behaviour. This calls for another imprecise concept that is emergence. Complex systems can display the emergence of properties at the macroscopic level that are not found at the microscopic level. One important example of emergence is self-organization. Self-organisation occurs as parts of a complex adaptive system, such as oil molecules in a thin layer, self-organise to form patterns in a state that is statistically stable. The basic mechanism for self organisation comes from feedback. Each part can communicate with its neighbours and arrange into a common collective behaviour. Sometimes, regardless the precise dynamics of the interactions, the evolution of the system is represented by some statistically stable state. This means that this steady state is an 'attractor' in the phase space for the system dynamics and accounts for the robustness of complex systems with respect to external perturbation. The Properties of a complex physical system are emergent just in case they are neither (i) properties had by any parts of the system taken in isolation nor (ii) resultant of a mere summation of properties of parts of the system. The above definition of emergence shows how this process may apply to many systems across all length scales and complexity scales. However, when one moves from physical to social, medical, or even artificial systems, the ability to spot and work with / around this concept becomes more important.Further, the ability to spot emergent entities occurring in very different situations would seem to be vital to allow this concept to grow and be developed. A substantial trans-disciplinary theory of emergence would greatly contribute to the development of a broader application and understanding of complexity science. The EPSRC IDEAS Factory on emergence tackled all of these issues, resulting in a number of funded projects. In order to maintain good communication between those involved in the projects, to further address the outcomes of the sandpit, and to encourage interdisplinary communication surrounding complexity and emergence, a network to cover emergence across disciplines is required.

复杂性和涌现性的定义本身就是一个不容忽视的问题。复杂性是指许多简单的相互作用部分产生意想不到的集体行为的情况。这需要用到另一个不精确的概念，即涌现。复杂系统可以显示出在宏观层面上出现的特性，而这些特性在微观层面上是找不到的。涌现的一个重要例子是自组织。自组织是复杂的自适应系统的一部分，比如薄层中的油分子，在统计上稳定的状态下自组织形成模式。自我组织的基本机制来自于反馈。每个部分都可以与其相邻的部分进行通信，并安排成共同的集体行为。有时，不考虑相互作用的精确动力学，系统的演化由某种统计稳定状态表示。这意味着这个稳态是系统动力学相空间中的一个“吸引子”，并解释了复杂系统相对于外部扰动的鲁棒性。一个复杂的物理系统的性质是突现的，只是在它们既不是(i)系统的任何部分单独具有的性质，也不是（ii）系统各部分性质的简单总和的结果的情况下。以上涌现的定义显示了这个过程如何适用于所有长度尺度和复杂性尺度的许多系统。然而，当一个人从物理系统转移到社会、医疗甚至人工系统时，发现和使用这个概念的能力就变得更加重要了。此外，发现在不同情况下出现的紧急实体的能力似乎对这一概念的发展至关重要。一个实质性的跨学科涌现理论将极大地促进复杂性科学更广泛的应用和理解的发展。EPSRC关于涌现的创意工厂解决了所有这些问题，产生了许多资助项目。为了在参与项目的人员之间保持良好的沟通，进一步解决沙坑的结果，并鼓励围绕复杂性和涌现的跨学科沟通，需要一个涵盖跨学科涌现的网络。