Increasing Adherence to Tobacco Cessation Intervention

非依从性使用戒烟药物非常常见，与戒烟失败高度相关 smoking.然而，目前很少有人知道如何影响遵守，或是否更大的遵守， 实际上会提高戒烟的成功率（即，其因果关系不明）。项目3旨在解决 三个主要目标：（1）确定影响戒烟药物依从性的因素;（2） 确定药物依从性和戒烟之间的关联，以及（3）开发新的， 具有成本效益的依从性干预措施，可用于现实世界的医疗保健环境， 改善药物依从性和戒烟结果。这些研究目标将是 通过在现实世界的初级保健环境中进行的两个实验来解决，这些实验将评估几种类型的 旨在提高依从率和戒烟成功率的有希望的依从性干预措施。这些 干预措施包括认知干预，旨在改变吸烟者对药物的不正确信念 和戒烟，提供反馈和基于实时解决问题的咨询的干预措施 药物使用记录，以及加强依从性的应急管理干预 行为这项研究的优势在于：使用在初级保健环境中招募的吸烟者;揭示吸烟者的健康状况。 这些依从性干预措施的相对、相加和交互作用;使用多个、收敛的 实现对遵守情况的准确评估的措施;并使用中介分析来揭示 在多大程度上，坚持改变转化为更高的戒烟率。最后，本研究将确定 一组最佳的依从性干预措施，用于现实世界的设置。这些干预措施可用于 广泛的健康状况，其中药物依从性是一个问题。 相关性（参见说明）： 大多数吸烟者在尝试戒烟时没有正确使用戒烟药物， 成功戒烟的机会。拟议中的研究将测试旨在增加 吸烟者正确使用戒烟药物，并将测试这是否有助于戒烟成功。 这项研究有可能改善戒烟治疗，从而改善吸烟者的健康。

Nonadherent use of smoking cessation medications is very common and highly associated with failure to quit smoking. However, little is presently known about how to affect adherence, or whether greater adherence will actually improve cessation success (i.e., its causal role is unknown). Project 3 is designed to address three chief aims: (1) to identify the factors that influence adherence to smoking cessation medication; (2) to determine the association between medication adherence and smoking cessation, and (3) to develop new, cost-effective adherence interventions that are feasible for use in real-world healthcare settings and that improve both medication adherence and smoking cessation outcomes. These research goals will be addressed via two experiments conducted in real-world primary care settings that will assess several types of promising adherence interventions designed to boost both adherence rates and cessation success. These interventions include a cognitive intervention designed to modify smokers' incorrect beliefs about medication and cessation, interventions that provide feedback and problem solving counseling based upon real-time recording of medication use, and a contingency management intervention that reinforces adherence behavior. Strengths of this research are that it will: use smokers recruited in primary care settings; reveal the relative, additive, and interactive effects of these adherence interventions; use multiple, convergent measures to achieve an accurate assessment of adherence; and use mediational analyses to reveal the extent to which adherence change translates into higher abstinence rates. Finally, this research will identify an optimal set of adherence interventions for use in real-world settings. Such interventions might be used for a broad range of health conditions where medication adherence is a problem. RELEVANCE (See instructions): The majority of smokers do not use cessation medications properly during a quit attempt and this decreases the chances of successful quitting. The proposed research will test interventions designed to increase smokers' proper use of cessation medication and will test whether or not this improves cessation success. This research has the potential to improve cessation treatment, and as a result, the health of smokers.